The S&P Global UK Manufacturing PMI dropped to 46.2 in September 2025, a five-month low and well below the 50.0 growth threshold, marking a twelfth straight month of contraction, in line with preliminary estimates. Production fell for an eleventh month, hit across consumer, intermediate and investment goods, as subdued confidence, high costs, US tariff risks and supply chain disruptions from Jaguar Land Rover shutdowns dragged on demand. Export orders saw one of the sharpest falls in two years, with weakness across the US, EU, Middle East and Asia. Employment declined for an eleventh month, reflecting efforts to offset rising costs from higher wages, NI contributions and energy bills. Input buying and stockpiles were cut, though finished goods inventories rose slightly. Supply chains stayed stretched, with vendor delays persisting. On the upside, cost pressures eased, with input and output price inflation at nine-month lows.