When babies face tummy troubles: What parents should know about diarrhea in children

Diarrhea can be acute and can last a few day or chronic, which may last two weeks or more

Diarrhea is one of the most common reasons parents rush to the doctor. It can make children irritable, weak, and dehydrated, while leaving parents confused about the right response. Though most cases are mild and resolve on their own, some can signal deeper issues.

Knowing the causes and warning signs can make managing diarrhea far less daunting for families. “Not all diarrhea is severe. Some types are mild,” says Dr Anjali Saxena, Senior Consultant, General Pediatrics and Adolescent Health Specialist, Madhukar Rainbow Children’s Hospital. “Diarrhea can be acute and can last a few day or chronic, which may last two weeks or more. Viral infections are the most common cause, but bacteria, antibiotics, and food issues also play a role. Young children are more vulnerable due to their developing immune systems,” she adds.

Dr Saxena shares causes parents should be aware of, and tips to manage diarrhea at home:

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• Viral infections: Rotavirus and norovirus are common culprits. These usually clear on their own but may cause dehydration.
• Bacteria and spoiled food: “Contaminated water or poorly cooked food can introduce harmful bacteria like E. coli or Salmonella,” says Dr Saxena. These may cause more severe symptoms.
• Antibiotic use: Antibiotics can disrupt gut bacteria, leading to loose stools. “It’s a common side effect we see,” she notes.
• Food intolerances or allergies: Issues like lactose intolerance or celiac disease may cause ongoing diarrhea. “If symptoms persist after eating certain foods, consult a doctor,” Dr Saxena advises.
• Toddler’s diarrhea: A harmless but persistent type seen in active toddlers. Often linked to too much juice and an immature gut.

Tips to manage diarrhea at home:

• Keep them hydrated: “Hydration is key,” says Dr. Saxena. Use ORS, coconut water, lemon water, or buttermilk. Avoid sugary drinks.
• Offer light meals: Give rice, curd, banana, toast, or khichdi. “Avoid spicy or oily food,” she advises.
• Continue breastfeeding or formula: “Don’t stop feeding infants, it supports recovery,” she says.
• Ensure rest and hygiene: Let your child rest and maintain cleanliness to avoid rashes or further infection.
• Watch for warning signs: “Seek help if there’s high fever, blood in stool, frequent vomiting, or signs of dehydration,” warns Dr Saxena.

• Consult the doctor: Call your doctor if diarrhea lasts more than two weeks, or your child shows signs of dehydration, refuses fluids, or isn’t improving. “Chronic diarrhea may point to food issues or infections,” says Dr Saxena.
• Preventing future episodes: Handwashing, clean water, safe food, and avoiding excess juice can reduce the risk. “Simple hygiene practices go a long way,” she adds.