Feeling hungry all the time? It could be diabetes, stress, poor diet and more

Persistent hunger can be a sign of diabetes, especially when blood sugar levels aren’t well controlled. (Image: Canva)

Constant hunger isn't always a simple sign of needing a snack; it can sometimes indicate underlying health concerns. While it’s normal to experience occasional spikes in appetite, persistent feelings of hunger, especially after eating, may suggest something more serious. Various factors, such as hormonal imbalances, medical conditions, or lifestyle habits, can contribute to ongoing hunger. Recognising when hunger goes beyond normal levels is crucial for maintaining overall health and well-being. If you find yourself constantly feeling hungry, it may be time to explore potential causes and consult a doctor for proper diagnosis and management. Here are seven potential causes to consider, according to Dr Nirmala Raghav, Senior Consultant at Felix Healthcare, Raipur.

Diabetes

Persistent hunger can be a sign of diabetes, especially when blood sugar levels aren’t well controlled. In diabetes, the body either doesn’t produce enough insulin or can’t use it effectively, which means glucose isn’t converted into energy. As a result, your body sends signals of hunger. Other symptoms include frequent urination, increased thirst, and fatigue.

Hyperthyroidism

Hyperthyroidism, or an overactive thyroid, increases the body's metabolic rate, causing the body to burn calories more quickly, which can result in constant hunger. Along with increased appetite, hyperthyroidism can lead to weight loss, rapid heartbeat, anxiety, and excessive sweating. Early detection and treatment are crucial to managing both hunger and other related symptoms effectively.

Hypoglycemia

Hypoglycemia, or low blood sugar, occurs when the body lacks sufficient glucose for energy. This can trigger immediate hunger, shakiness, dizziness, or confusion. Hypoglycemia may result from diabetes medications, skipping meals, or excessive alcohol consumption. It’s important to manage blood sugar levels through balanced eating and regular meals to prevent recurring hunger and its associated symptoms.

Sleep deprivation

Lack of sleep affects hunger-regulating hormones—ghrelin and leptin. Ghrelin, which stimulates appetite, increases with sleep deprivation, while leptin, which signals fullness, decreases. This imbalance leads to increased hunger, often for high-calorie foods. Consistently getting 7-9 hours of sleep helps restore hormone balance, reducing excessive hunger and cravings.

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Stress

Chronic stress elevates cortisol levels, a hormone linked to increased appetite and cravings for sugary, high-fat foods. This stress-induced hunger often leads to overeating or emotional eating as a way to cope. Managing stress through activities like exercise, meditation, or therapy can help reduce cortisol levels and, in turn, control frequent hunger.

Poor diet

A diet high in refined carbohydrates and low in protein, fibre, and healthy fats can cause rapid blood sugar fluctuations, leading to a cycle of hunger shortly after eating. Meals lacking these essential nutrients don't sustain energy for long, triggering frequent cravings. Switching to a balanced diet with whole grains, lean proteins, and vegetables can help curb hunger.

Hormonal imbalances

Hormonal changes, such as those during pregnancy, menopause, or conditions like polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS), can disrupt hunger signals and increase appetite. In PCOS, insulin resistance is common, causing blood sugar spikes that lead to increased hunger. Proper management of hormone-related conditions, through diet, exercise, or medical treatment, can help regulate appetite.

If you're constantly feeling hungry, it’s essential to consider these potential health issues and consult a doctor for proper evaluation and management.