Causes of blood in urine: Urologist warns why it should worry you, says timely testing can save your life

If the colour of your urine looks pinkish, reddish, or even cola-hued, it can be a cause of worry. While blood in urine, or haematuria, should never be ignored, it doesn’t always mean something serious. According to doctors, what matters most is timely testing and knowing when to seek help.

Haematuria comes in two forms: visible (gross haematuria), where the urine changes colour, and invisible (microscopic haematuria), detected only under a microscope. Dr Rakesh Roshan, Associate Consultant, Urology,  Manipal Hospital, Goa, tells Moneycontrol: “Many people worry the moment they see blood. But in most cases, it’s not cancer. The cause might be something as simple as an infection or a kidney stone.”

Pain, burning, or irritation while urinating could point to an infection. Meanwhile, if the bleeding appears after intense exercise or a minor injury, it may settle once the body recovers.

Also read | Bladder cancer symptoms: Don't ignore these signs, especially if you see blood in your urine

Sometimes, blood in urine can be a problem for bladder, kidney, or prostate cancer, particularly in older adults. “You’re more at risk if you’re over 50, especially if you smoke or work around dyes, rubber, or chemical fumes,” says Dr Roshan. “But the key is not to jump to conclusions before proper testing. Early evaluation often rules out serious causes, or catches them early when they’re treatable,” he adds.

Common causes of blood in urine

Dr Roshan shares common causes of blood in urine:

• Urinary tract infections (UTIs): Common and easily treatable.
• Kidney or bladder stones: Sharp crystals can irritate the lining and cause bleeding.
• Enlarged prostate (BPH): In older men, this can press on the bladder and affect urination.
• Vigorous exercise or trauma: Intense activity can sometimes cause temporary bleeding.
• Certain medications: Blood thinners like aspirin or warfarin can make bleeding more likely.

Common tests to ascertain the causes

Doctors rely on a few simple yet vital tests to get to the root cause:

• Urinalysis or culture: To check for infection or microscopic bleeding.
• Ultrasound or CT scan: To detect stones or tumours.
• Cystoscopy: A small camera helps inspect the bladder and urethra.

“These investigations are straightforward and lifesaving. A quick test can mean the difference between reassurance and regret,” stresses Dr Roshan. 

Also read | Symptoms of prostate cancer: Blood in urine, pain are warning signs, here's what men should know

Symptoms and prevention tips

Dr Roshan shares what symptoms to never ignore and suggests preventive tips:

• Burning during urination: Often signals infection.
• Severe side or back pain: Could mean kidney stones.
• Painless blood in urine: This one deserves urgent attention — it may indicate early cancer.

He adds, “Painless haematuria is particularly worrisome. If you ever notice it, don’t wait. The earlier we detect urinary tract cancers, the better the chances of full recovery.”

How to protect your urinary health

• Stay well-hydrated. It keeps your kidneys flushed.
• Avoid smoking. It is the leading cause of bladder cancer.
• Practise good hygiene and treat infections early.
• Go for regular health check-ups, especially if you’re over 50 or have risk factors.

Blood in urine may not always signal cancer, but it’s your body’s way of asking for attention. Don’t ignore it, don’t panic, just act.  Dr Roshan concludes, “Early diagnosis gives you control. Whether it’s a minor infection or something serious, timely action ensures peace of mind, and sometimes, it saves a life.”

FAQs on Causes of Blood in Urine

What are the common causes of blood in urine?

Blood in urine can be due to urinary tract infections, kidney or bladder stones, enlarged prostate, vigorous exercise, or certain medications like blood thinners.

Should I be worried if I see blood in my urine?

While blood in urine is concerning, it doesn't always indicate a serious condition. Timely testing can help identify the cause and ensure proper treatment.

How is blood in urine diagnosed?

Doctors use tests like urinalysis, ultrasound, CT scans, and cystoscopy to determine the cause of blood in urine.

What symptoms should I never ignore regarding blood in urine?

Never ignore painless blood in urine, burning during urination, or severe side/back pain. These may signal infections, kidney stones, or early cancer.

How can I protect my urinary health?

Stay hydrated, avoid smoking, maintain good hygiene, treat infections promptly, and go for regular health check-ups, especially if you’re over 50 or have risk factors.

Disclaimer: This article, including health and fitness advice, only provides generic information. Don’t treat it as a substitute for qualified medical opinion. Always consult a specialist for a specific health diagnosis