Mpox symptoms in pregnant women: Risks and prevention tips

Pregnancy complications: Babies born to mothers with Mpox are at higher risk of infection, which can lead to complications like skin lesions, respiratory distress, and fever (Image: Canva)

India on Sunday reported its first suspected case of Mpox (formerly known as monkeypox) in a young male patient who had recently returned from a country which has declared an outbreak of the disease. The Ministry of Health assured the public that there is no cause for concern, emphasising that India is well-prepared to manage isolated travel-related cases.

While the general population is being closely monitored, pregnant women remain particularly vulnerable to infectious diseases, including Mpox, due to changes in their immune system. Mpox, transmitted through close physical contact or contaminated objects, poses significant risks to expectant mothers and their unborn children. Pregnant women infected with the virus may experience severe illness, complications, and even the danger of vertical transmission to the fetus.

Understanding these risks and adopting necessary precautions is crucial to safeguarding the health of both mother and child, says Delhi-based gynaecologist Dr Manisha Kadam.

Also read | Managing mpox skin lesions: Cure macules, papules and crusts, reduce itching

Risks for pregnant women

Vertical transmission: Mpox can be transmitted from a pregnant woman to the fetus through the placenta, leading to adverse outcomes such as preterm birth, congenital Mpox (which can result in severe infection in the fetus0, and Miscarriage or stillbirth in severe cases.

Severe illness: Pregnant women may experience more severe symptoms due to their altered immune response during pregnancy, which makes them more vulnerable to infections, says Dr Kadam.

Complications for the newborn: Babies born to mothers with Mpox are at higher risk of infection, which can lead to complications like skin lesions, respiratory distress, and fever.

Precautions for pregnant women

Avoid close contact with infected individuals: Since Mpox spreads through skin contact, avoid individuals who have Mpox symptoms, including rashes, lesions, or fever.

Hygiene practices: Frequent handwashing, avoiding sharing personal items, and disinfecting surfaces can minimise the risk of transmission.

Also read | What is Monkeypox? Will Mpox become a global pandemic like Covid-19?

Safe handling of animals: Avoid contact with animals that may harbor the virus, such as rodents or primates, especially in areas where Mpox is prevalent.

Vaccination: If exposed, pregnant women should consult their healthcare provider about receiving the smallpox vaccine, which is known to offer some protection against Mpox. However, this must be weighed against potential risks to the fetus

Regular medical consultation: Pregnant women who suspect they may have been exposed to Mpox or develop symptoms should seek immediate medical advice for proper diagnosis and treatment.

If infected, close monitoring and medical care are essential to manage the symptoms and reduce the risk of complications for both the mother and the baby.