From Chanakya to Savitribai Phule: Indian Teachers Who Reformed Education

Teachers have always played a central role in shaping education in India. From ancient times to the modern era, many great teachers have changed the way people learn and think. Some of them built institutions, some worked to spread knowledge among the poor, and some stood up against social barriers. Their work continues to inspire the education system in the country today.

Chanakya

Chanakya, also known as Kautilya or Vishnugupta, was a teacher and advisor in ancient India. He taught at Takshashila University and was an expert in politics, economics, and administration. His book Arthashastra is still studied for its lessons on governance and statecraft. Chanakya’s guidance helped Chandragupta Maurya establish the Mauryan Empire.

Rabindranath Tagore

Rabindranath Tagore, the Nobel laureate, believed that education should go beyond books and examinations. He founded Visva-Bharati University in Santiniketan in 1921. His model of education focused on creativity, nature, art, and freedom of thought. He encouraged learning through open discussions, music, and literature, making education more holistic.

Swami Vivekananda

Swami Vivekananda strongly believed in character-building through education. He wanted young people to gain confidence and strength along with knowledge. His idea of education included spiritual growth, moral values, and practical skills. His teachings inspired many educational institutions in India and abroad.

Dr Sarvepalli Radhakrishnan

Dr Sarvepalli Radhakrishnan was a philosopher, teacher, and later the President of India. He taught philosophy at various universities and represented Indian thought worldwide. He believed that teachers shape the future of a nation by guiding students not only in academics but also in values. Teachers’ Day in India is celebrated on his birth anniversary, 5 September, in recognition of his contribution.

Savitribai Phule

Savitribai Phule was one of the first women teachers in India and a pioneer of women’s education. Along with her husband, Jyotiba Phule, she opened the first school for girls in Pune in 1848. She faced opposition but continued her work to educate women and children from oppressed communities. Her efforts paved the way for equal access to education.