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India likely to approve Oxford-AstraZeneca COVID-19 vaccine today

Britain on December 30 became the first nation to approve the Oxford University-AstraZeneca COVID-19 vaccine.

December 30, 2020 / 02:10 PM IST
Britain became the first country in the world to approve the coronavirus vaccine developed by Oxford University and AstraZeneca.

Britain became the first country in the world to approve the coronavirus vaccine developed by Oxford University and AstraZeneca.

India is likely to approve Oxford-AstraZeneca COVID-19 vaccine on December 30 hours after the UK approved the coronavirus jab. "India approval of Oxford vaccine is expected today in all likelihood," a highly-placed source at Central Drugs Standard Control Organisation (CDSCO) told News18.

The Subject Expert Committee (SEC) of Drugs Controller General of India (DCGI) is scheduled to meet on December 30 to consider the Serum Institute of India's application for emergency use approval of its COVID-19 vaccine.

The CDSCO had first reviewed three EUA applications on December 9 and sought more information from all vaccine makers, including Serum Institute of India (SII), which is making the AstraZeneca shots.

Read: UK approves Oxford-AstraZeneca COVID-19 vaccine, rollout to begin next week

Reacting to UK approval, the Serum Institute of India (SII) also said that it is hoping for the emergency use approval of the COVID-19 vaccine 'Covishield' by the end of this month or January in India.

COVID-19 Vaccine

Frequently Asked Questions

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How does a vaccine work?

A vaccine works by mimicking a natural infection. A vaccine not only induces immune response to protect people from any future COVID-19 infection, but also helps quickly build herd immunity to put an end to the pandemic. Herd immunity occurs when a sufficient percentage of a population becomes immune to a disease, making the spread of disease from person to person unlikely. The good news is that SARS-CoV-2 virus has been fairly stable, which increases the viability of a vaccine.

How many types of vaccines are there?

There are broadly four types of vaccine — one, a vaccine based on the whole virus (this could be either inactivated, or an attenuated [weakened] virus vaccine); two, a non-replicating viral vector vaccine that uses a benign virus as vector that carries the antigen of SARS-CoV; three, nucleic-acid vaccines that have genetic material like DNA and RNA of antigens like spike protein given to a person, helping human cells decode genetic material and produce the vaccine; and four, protein subunit vaccine wherein the recombinant proteins of SARS-COV-2 along with an adjuvant (booster) is given as a vaccine.

What does it take to develop a vaccine of this kind?

Vaccine development is a long, complex process. Unlike drugs that are given to people with a diseased, vaccines are given to healthy people and also vulnerable sections such as children, pregnant women and the elderly. So rigorous tests are compulsory. History says that the fastest time it took to develop a vaccine is five years, but it usually takes double or sometimes triple that time.

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Cyrus Poonawalla, the chairman of Poonawalla Group that includes Serum Institute of India, said, "SII is expecting regulatory approval in India in the next few days."

Read: Expect India to approve Oxford-AstraZeneca vaccine in next few days, says SII's Cyrus Poonawalla

The government was yet to place a purchase order for the Covishield vaccine, Poonawalla said. "SII is ready to distribute the vaccine once the approval comes in. India will come first, then other countries," he added.

Britain on December 30 became the first nation to approve the Oxford University-AstraZeneca COVID-19 vaccine. The United Kingdom government said that it has accepted a recommendation from the Medicines and Healthcare products Regulatory Agency (MHRA) "to authorise Oxford University/AstraZeneca's COVID-19 vaccine for use". The rollout is expected to begin as early as next week.

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The oxford vaccine is expected to be relied on in many countries because of its low cost, availability and ease of use. It can be kept in refrigerators rather than the ultra-cold storage other vaccines require.

The SII has already stockpiled more than 50 million doses of the AstraZeneca shot and plans to make a total of 400 million doses by July.

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first published: Dec 30, 2020 02:10 pm