Home remedies for hyperpigmentation: Try turmeric, lemon juice, papaya and other natural ingredients

Health benefits of turmeric: Curcumin, the active ingredient in turmeric, has anti-inflammatory and antioxidant properties that can reduce pigmentation

When an excess of melanin, the pigment responsible for skin colour, forms deposits in the skin, it results in hyperpigmentation. Overproduction of melanin can be triggered by various factors. According to the National Institutes of Health (NIH), skin trauma, such as blisters, infections, burns, chemical exposure, and other wounds, is the most common cause of low melanin content (hypopigmentation).

After healing, the affected skin often appears paler than the surrounding area. Other genetic conditions can also cause hypopigmentation in different parts of the skin. Hereditary disorders like albinism, melasma, fungal infections, pityriasis versicolor, pityriasis alba, and vitiligo can lead to hypopigmentation. Albinism, present from birth due to a genetic abnormality, results in a white complexion, dark blue eyes, and white hair.

Melasma, which causes brown or blue-gray spots on the skin, can be triggered by hormones, sun exposure, or contraceptive medication.

In order to address hyperpigmentation, both preventative measures and active treatments are necessary. For prevention, always apply a broad-spectrum sunscreen with an SPF of at least 30, even on cloudy days. Wear protective clothing and avoid peak sun hours. Alongside, some home remedies may also come handy.

Here are seven home remedies that can help fight pigmentation:

Aloe vera: Aloe vera contains aloin, a natural depigmenting compound that can lighten dark spots. As per Ayurveda, Aloe vera's cooling properties help balance Pitta dosha, which is associated with skin health. Apply  fresh aloe vera gel directly to the affected areas before bedtime and rinse off in the morning.

Turmeric: Curcumin, the active ingredient in turmeric, has anti-inflammatory and antioxidant properties that can reduce pigmentation. This yellow spice is also a traditional remedy for enhancing skin radiance and treating pigmentation. Mix a pinch of turmeric powder with milk or honey. Apply to the skin and leave for 15-20 minutes before washing off.

Lemon juice: Rich in vitamin C, lemon juice can lighten dark spots and inhibit melanin production. Its  astringent properties help cleanse and lighten the skin. Apply fresh lemon juice to the affected areas with a cotton ball. Leave for 10 minutes, then rinse off with lukewarm water. Use cautiously as it may cause irritation.

Apple cider vinegar: Acetic acid in apple cider vinegar can lighten pigmentation and improve skin texture. Mix equal parts of apple cider vinegar and water. Apply to dark spots with a cotton ball, leave for a few minutes, then rinse off.

Green tea extract: Green tea contains antioxidants that can reduce pigmentation. Green tea's cooling properties soothe the skin and reduce inflammation. Steep a green tea bag in boiling water, let it cool, then apply the tea to the skin using a cotton ball.

Papaya: Papaya contains enzymes like papain that can exfoliate and promote skin renewal, reducing dark spots. Papaya balances Pitta dosha and rejuvenates the skin. Mash ripe papaya into a paste and apply it to the skin. Leave for 20 minutes before rinsing off.

Potato: Potatoes are effective for treating hyperpigmentation due to the enzyme catecholase, which helps lighten dark spots by inhibiting melanin production. To use, grate a raw potato and extract the juice. Apply the juice to affected areas with a cotton ball, leave it on for 15-20 minutes, and then rinse off with lukewarm water.