Monkeypox cases are on the rise, watch out for symptoms like fever, muscle pain, rashes on face

As the virus spreads across Central Africa, understanding the implications and necessary responses becomes increasingly vital. (Image: Canva)

In response to a concerning rise in monkeypox (Mpox) cases, the World Health Organisation (WHO) has scheduled an emergency meeting for Thursday. This crucial meeting will focus on the recent outbreak in the Democratic Republic of the Congo, where cases have surged since last September. The outbreak has also seen a new strain detected in neighbouring countries, prompting the WHO to evaluate the situation's severity and decide if it poses a global health risk.

As the virus spreads across Central Africa, understanding the implications and necessary responses becomes increasingly vital. Here are some points to keep in mind to stay alert to the virus, according to Vinayak Hospital’s consultant, Dr Harish Malhar.

Understand the basics

Monkeypox is caused by the monkeypox virus, part of the orthopoxvirus family. It spreads through contact with infected animals, humans, or contaminated items. Transmission can occur via respiratory droplets, skin lesions, or contaminated surfaces. Understanding these basics helps in recognising potential risks and practicing effective prevention measures.

Recognise the symptoms

Symptoms include fever, headaches, muscle aches, and swollen lymph nodes, followed by a rash that typically starts on the face and spreads. The rash evolves from spots to pustules, which eventually scab over. Early recognition of these symptoms is crucial for timely medical intervention and isolation to prevent their spread.

Know the risk factors

High-risk groups include young children, pregnant women, and those with weakened immune systems, who may experience more severe illness. Recent travel to areas with known outbreaks or contact with infected people can also increase risk. Awareness of these factors helps in assessing personal risk and taking preventive actions:

Also see | Explainer: How worried should we be about the monkeypox health emergency?

Practice good hygiene: Regular handwashing with soap and water is essential to prevent infection. Avoid close contact with individuals showing symptoms of monkeypox or with animals that are potentially infected. Practice good hygiene and avoid exposure, which can significantly reduce the risk of contracting and spreading the virus.

Seek medical advice: If you develop symptoms or have been exposed to someone with monkeypox, consult a healthcare provider promptly. Diagnostic tests can confirm the presence of the virus, enabling appropriate care and management. Early medical intervention can improve outcomes and help prevent further transmission.

Follow health guidelines: Infected individuals should isolate themselves to prevent spreading the virus. Health authorities may recommend smallpox vaccination for some people as it can offer partial protection against monkeypox. Following these guidelines helps control outbreaks and protect both individuals and communities.

Stay updated: Monitor local health department updates and World Health Organisation (WHO) alerts for the latest information on monkeypox outbreaks and safety recommendations. For travellers, checking advisories about areas with active outbreaks can help avoid exposure and plan appropriate precautions.

Be informed about treatment: There is no specific treatment for monkeypox, but supportive care can alleviate symptoms. In severe cases, antiviral medications may be prescribed. Understanding available treatment options and seeking medical attention for severe symptoms are crucial for managing the disease effectively.

Educate others: Share accurate information about monkeypox to help prevent misinformation and promote public awareness. Educating others on symptoms, prevention, and appropriate actions can contribute to reducing the spread of the virus and ensuring that communities are well-prepared.