From pain to discharge, 6 common breast changes to watch for

Breast changes during menstrual cycle: Breast tenderness around your menstrual cycle is common and typically harmless. However, if the pain is isolated to one area and lingers beyond your cycle, consult your doctor (Image: Canva)

Breast health is often associated only with the concern of cancer, but it’s essential to remember that not all changes in the breast signal something so serious. Subtle shifts in your breast tissue can indicate benign conditions that require attention.

It’s common to associate changes in breast health with the fear of cancer, but breast health encompasses much more, says Dr Karishma Kirti, Consultant Breast Specialist and Oncoplastic Surgeon. Some alterations are benign but could indicate other conditions that, if ignored, could impact your health. "Most breast changes aren’t cancerous, but they still require attention. It’s, therefore, important to recognise these changes and get them checked to ensure you’re taking the right steps toward self-care,” she says.

Signs that require attention:
Changes in your breasts can range from mild and temporary to more concerning symptoms. While it’s true that many breast changes are harmless, being aware of the signs that may indicate something requiring attention can help you stay ahead of potential health issues. “Regular self-exams and professional evaluations are crucial in distinguishing benign conditions from those that need treatment. Even subtle changes, when observed consistently, should be addressed by a healthcare provider," Dr Kirti advises.

Also read | Symptoms of breast cancer, and 7 ways to understand, manage your risk

She suggests one shouldn't ignore the following 6 changes: 

• Unexplained, persistent pain: Breast tenderness around your menstrual cycle is common and typically harmless. However, if the pain is isolated to one area and lingers beyond your cycle, it might be worth consulting a healthcare professional. "Persistent pain, especially in one area, could indicate a benign condition that needs attention," says Dr Kirti.

• New skin textures: A sudden patch of redness, thickened skin, or a texture resembling "orange peel" could be a sign of inflammation or infection. These changes might not be cancer-related, but they are still worth investigating. “When in doubt, it's always better to get it checked," Dr Kirti advises.

• Nipple changes: Nipple alterations, like inversion, scaling, or unusual sensitivity, can often be caused by benign conditions, but sometimes they indicate something more serious like Paget's disease. If you notice any sudden changes in your nipple, it’s important to reach out to a specialist for a proper evaluation.

• Newly discovered lumpiness: As you age, benign cysts or fibroadenomas can form, causing lumpiness in the breast. Even if a lump feels soft or movable under the skin, any new lump should be examined by a professional to rule out any complications.

• Unusual discharge: Any discharge from the nipple, especially if it occurs spontaneously or contains blood, should not be ignored. While it can often indicate benign conditions, it may also signal infections or growths in the milk ducts. Early evaluation can help you avoid potential issues down the road.

• Asymmetry or size fluctuations: Hormonal shifts or weight changes can cause one breast to temporarily enlarge, but if the change is sudden and persistent, it should be evaluated. "If there is a significant and sustained change, even if it’s not related to your menstrual cycle, seek professional advice," Dr Kirti suggests.