How a Chinese research vessel attempted to conceal its presence in Bay of Bengal for days

The vessel deliberately disabled its Automatic Identification System (AIS) to conceal its presence. (Courtesy: PTI file photo for representation)

A Chinese research vessel was reportedly active in the Bay of Bengal near the Indian waters for several days. The information came to light after a French maritime intelligence firm, which uses satellites to track ships in high seas, conducted a survey in the Bay of Bengal.

In order to conceal its presence, the vessel deliberately disabled its Automatic Identification System (AIS), The Economic Times said in its report.

Unseenlabs, during its 16-day survey, found out that about 10% of ships were operating without an active AIS raising security concerns amid increased Chinese maritime activity. The survey by the French company was conducted on tracked vessels using radio frequency emissions. It tracked 1,897 vessels, most of which were broadcasting legitimate AIS signals. The report, however, suggests 9.6% showed no AIS activity, indicating they were trying to hide their presence in the Bay of Bengal.

One particular Chinese research vessel drew the French firm's attention due to its close proximity to areas of recent naval activity and its recurring presence in the Indian Ocean.

"While not broadcasting AIS, its RF (radio frequency) signature was consistent and traceable, enabling our systems to monitor its movement over several days ... We suspect that this prominent Chinese research vessel was likely operating with strategic intent," the report said quoting Unseenlabs.

According to the firm, the Chinese research vessel's mission appeared to include seafloor mapping, acoustic environment analysis and the identification of submarine transit corridors. These features can be used for surveillance operations and anti-submarine warfare readiness.

The Indian Navy and Coast Guard, which monitor traffic around Indian waters, have consistently reported the presence of Chinese research vessels in recent years.

In the recent case, the Chinese ship was operating in international waters off the eastern coast, at a distance of 120 nautical miles from military zones. While Chinese naval ships and submarines are active in the Indian Ocean, navy planners believe China will soon start sending its aircraft carriers as well.