Paediatrician tells you why 6 months of exclusive breastfeeding is the healthiest start for your newborn

Health benefits of breastfeeding: Colostrum gives babies a huge protective boost in their first days. It’s gold in more ways than one (Image: Pexels)

For the first six months of life, babies need nothing more than breast milk — no water, no solids, no substitutes. Doctors stress that exclusive breastfeeding is not just ideal, but essential. It protects against illness, supports development, and benefits mothers too, offering the most natural start to a healthy life.

Long before baby formula filled supermarket shelves, mothers turned to the one thing their newborns truly needed: breast milk. Today, despite a market full of modern feeding alternatives, doctors still say nothing beats nature. The World Health Organization, UNICEF, and leading paediatricians are united on the fact that babies should be exclusively breastfed for the first six months. No honey, no animal milk, no water, even if it’s filtered. Just breast milk, and the occasional prescribed supplement if needed.

It’s not just food; it’s a living, evolving source of immunity and nourishment, says Dr Vivek Jain, Senior Director and Unit Head of Paediatrics, Fortis Hospital, Shalimar Bagh. Delhi. According to Dr Jain, breast milk is perfectly engineered to meet every need of a growing infant. He says that the early milk, colostrum, is often overlooked, but it’s packed with antibodies and immune factors, acting like the baby’s first vaccine.

Also read | Common breastfeeding problems and expert solutions for new moms

“Colostrum gives babies a huge protective boost in their first days. It’s gold in more ways than one,” Dr Jain adds.

“As weeks go by, breast milk changes composition to match the baby's developmental stage. It contains just the right balance of protein, fat, and essential nutrients, and more importantly, it adapts as the baby grows,” he adds.

Shield against diseases:

In places where water safety and hygiene are inconsistent, early introduction of animal milk or even plain water can pose real risks. "When we introduce other feeds too early," explains Dr Jain, "we’re also introducing potential infections. Breastfeeding is not just optimal—it’s protective." Exclusive breastfeeding helps prevent illnesses such as diarrhoea, pneumonia, and ear infections — all of which remain among the top causes of infant deaths.

Another reason to hold off on solids or other feeds is that the baby’s body isn’t yet ready. “The digestive system, kidneys, and immune defences are all still maturing. Giving anything beyond breast milk too soon can lead to digestive distress, food allergies, and poor nutrient absorption,” the expert says, and adds, “It’s not just about the food itself, it’s about timing. At six months, the body is far better equipped to handle solids.”

Also read | Breastfeeding Diet Tips: What to eat and avoid for a healthy start

Breastfeeding benefits:

The benefits of exclusive breastfeeding extend beyond the child. Mothers, too, gain protection — from postpartum complications to reduced risks of breast and ovarian cancers. Plus, breastfeeding helps regulate natural spacing between pregnancies and can ease the financial burden on families. “It’s one of the simplest, most cost-effective ways to support both baby and mother,” Dr Jain says.

FAQs on Benefits of Breastfeeding:

1. Why is exclusive breastfeeding recommended for the first six months?

Exclusive breastfeeding is recommended because breast milk contains all the essential nutrients a baby needs during the first six months. It provides protection against illnesses, supports overall development, and promotes a healthy start to life.

2. How does breastfeeding benefit a baby's immune system?

Breast milk is rich in antibodies and immune factors, especially in the early form known as colostrum. These components help protect the baby from infections and illnesses, acting like the baby’s first vaccine.

3. Can introducing other foods or liquids early be harmful to the baby?

Yes, introducing other foods or liquids before six months can introduce potential infections and disrupt the baby’s developing digestive system. Breast milk alone is sufficient and safest during the initial six months.

4. What are the benefits of breastfeeding for mothers?

Breastfeeding helps mothers by reducing the risk of postpartum complications, lowering the chances of breast and ovarian cancers, and aiding in natural spacing between pregnancies. It also offers financial savings by reducing the need for formula.

5. How does breast milk adapt to a baby's needs?

As the baby grows, the composition of breast milk changes to match the developmental stage, providing the right balance of protein, fat, and essential nutrients. This natural adaptation ensures the baby receives optimal nutrition throughout their growth.

Disclaimer: This article, including health and fitness advice, only provides generic information. Don’t treat it as a substitute for qualified medical opinion. Always consult a specialist for a specific health diagnosis.