Deviated Septum Explained: Signs, causes, and when to see an ENT

A deviated septum can significantly impact breathing and quality of life. If you have persistent nasal blockage, headaches, or recurrent sinus issues, consult an ENT specialist for timely diagnosis and treatment. (Image: Pexels)

A deviated nasal septum is one of the important causes of nasal obstruction and may require a consultation with an ENT (ear, nose, throat) specialist or otorhinolaryngologist.

What causes it?

The common causes for the deviation of the nasal septum include trauma and errors of development.

Trauma: A blow to the nose from the side can displace the cartilage, while a direct frontal injury may cause buckling or even fractures. Difficult childbirth can also cause nasal injury in new-borns.

Developmental factors: Unequal growth between the palate and the base of the skull may cause deviation.

Other conditions: Mouth breathing in children with adenoid hypertrophy, congenital malformations (like cleft lip/palate), or family history can increase risk.

Types of deviations

The nasal septum may be deviated in a number of ways. There can be an anterior dislocation of the septal cartilage, or there may be a C-shaped deformity where the septum simply curves to one side. In the vertical plane, there can be an S-shaped deformity. Some people may show only a small projection from the septum, which is known as a spur.

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Who is affected more?

It has been found that a deviated nasal septum is seen more commonly in males than in females. The deviation often causes nasal obstruction, either unilaterally or bilaterally, depending on the type. Due to the pressure on the side walls, the affected person may experience headaches.

Symptoms to watch for:

Persistent nasal obstruction (on one or both sides)

Recurrent sinus infections due to blocked ventilation

Frequent headaches from pressure on the nasal walls

Nosebleeds (epistaxis) from crusting

Loss of smell (anosmia) if airflow doesn’t reach the olfactory region

External nasal deformity in severe cases

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Treatment options

If the deviation is minor and is not causing any symptoms, no treatment may be required. However, in case there are signs of nasal obstruction, a submucous resection operation or a septoplasty may be recommended by the otorhinolaryngologist.

FAQs on Deviated Nasal Septum

What is a deviated nasal septum?

A deviated nasal septum occurs when the thin wall (nasal septum) between your nasal passages is displaced to one side.

How is a deviated nasal septum diagnosed?

An ENT specialist can diagnose a deviated nasal septum through a physical examination and possibly a nasal endoscopy.

Can a deviated nasal septum cause other health issues?

Yes, it can lead to chronic sinus infections, frequent headaches, nosebleeds, and breathing difficulties.

Is surgery the only option for treatment?

Surgery is recommended in severe cases causing significant symptoms. Mild cases may not require any treatment.