Scientists turn rhino horns radioactive to fight poachers in South Africa

South African Scientists Use Radioactive Tracer to Fight Rhino Poaching (Image: Canva)

Rhinos have long been a symbol of Africa’s wild beauty. But now, science is stepping in to protect them in a new way. A team in South Africa is injecting rhino horns with radioactive material to fight poaching.

How the radioactive horn method works
Scientists from the University of the Witwatersrand have started this bold campaign. The plan involves placing a small amount of radioactive material inside rhino horns. This allows customs officials to trace the horns during transport. The radiation is safe for the animals, experts confirmed.

The project, known as the Rhisotope Project, has been in the works for six years. It cost around £220,000 and involved global cooperation. Tests showed the material can be detected inside sealed shipping containers. That could help officials stop illegal exports at ports and borders.

Why South Africa is taking this step
South Africa has the world’s largest rhino population. But poaching remains a major threat. More than 400 rhinos have been killed every year since 2021. White rhinos are now classed as threatened. Black rhinos are critically endangered.

Professor James Larkin, part of the team, said the method offers a proactive solution. He noted that at least one rhino is still poached daily. Without stronger measures, the numbers could rise. Larkin believes this technique can help slow that trend.

What experts say about the impact
The radioactive tagging won’t solve poaching alone, say campaigners. But it could play a key role. Jamie Joseph from Saving the Wild called the project “innovative and much needed.” She said it would help track smuggling routes and improve data collection.

Jessica Babich, head of the Rhisotope Project, said the goal is wide deployment. Protecting rhinos also protects Africa’s rich natural heritage, she added.

Rhino horns are still in high demand in Asia. They are often used in traditional medicines or displayed as luxury items. South Africa’s new strategy may help shift the odds back in the rhinos’ favour.