Researchers discover 4,100-year-old tomb of Egyptian doctor who treated pharaohs

A hieroglyphic inscription in the tomb unveils the doctor's identity. (Image: gyptian Ministry of Tourism and Antiquities)

A remarkable 4,100-year-old tomb of an Egyptian doctor has been unearthed in Saqqara, Egypt. The burial belonged to Tetinebefou, a physician who reportedly treated the pharaoh himself. The site’s vivid wall paintings and inscriptions reveal his esteemed position in ancient Egyptian medicine.

A Specialist in Poison and Dentistry
Tetinebefou held unique titles, including "conjurer of the goddess Serqet," linked to scorpion protection. He was also the "director of medicinal plants," a rare role in ancient records. According to Philippe Collombert, leader of the Swiss-French archaeological team, these titles highlight Tetinebefou’s expertise in treating poisonous bites.

(Image: Egyptian Ministry of Tourism and Antiquities)

He was further honoured with the title "chief dentist," a designation scarcely mentioned in Egyptian history. Roger Forshaw, an expert from the University of Manchester, told Live Science that evidence of ancient Egyptian dentists is exceptionally limited.

Colourful Artwork Preserved Through Millennia
The tomb features vibrant wall paintings with containers, abstract images, and geometric patterns. The Swiss-French team described the colours as "bright and fresh," despite their astonishing age. The inscriptions suggest Tetinebefou served during the reign of Pepi II or subsequent rulers, a time of political change in Egypt.

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No human remains were found in the tomb, which had been plundered long ago. Analysis of the site continues, offering a window into Egypt’s rich medical history.