Mount Everest, standing at 8.85 kilometres above sea level, continues to rise, according to a recent study published in Nature Geoscience. This iconic peak is not only the highest mountain on Earth but also a testament to our planet's dynamic nature.

The Himalayas have been elevating for around 50 million years due to the collision of the Indian and Eurasian tectonic plates. However, new research led by geoscientist Jin-Gen Dai from the China University of Geosciences reveals that Everest is growing even faster than previously anticipated. The study attributes this accelerated growth to a significant change in the region's river system.

The Impact of River Mergers on Elevation

Around 89,000 years ago, the Kosi River merged with the Arun River, resulting in an estimated height increase of between 15 to 50 metres (49 to 164 feet) for Everest. This growth is due to a geological phenomenon known as isostatic rebound, where the Earth's crust rises in response to the removal of weight. As the merged rivers increased erosion and transported vast amounts of rock and soil away from the area, the land began to rise—much like a boat lifts as cargo is unloaded.

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The research estimates that isostatic rebound contributes about 10% of Everest's annual uplift rate, equating to approximately 0.2 to 0.5 millimetres (0.01 to 0.02 inches) each year. Remarkably, this uplift exceeds the surface erosion caused by natural elements like wind, rain, and river flow.

Geological Processes Behind Isostatic Rebound

Other nearby peaks, such as Lhotse and Makalu, are also experiencing growth due to this process. Makalu, which is situated closer to the Arun River, exhibits a slightly higher uplift rate compared to Everest. Adam Smith, a co-author of the study and doctoral student at University College London, confirmed the ongoing rise of Everest and its neighbouring peaks through GPS measurements. As erosion continues, the uplift rate from isostatic rebound may further increase.

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This study sheds light on the ever-changing nature of our planet, illustrating that even Mount Everest, a symbol of permanence, is shaped by geological processes. It serves as a reminder that the Earth is in constant flux, often in ways that go unnoticed in our daily lives.