'1.27 million light-years long': Astronomers spot a new ultra-diffuse galaxy forming in Leo constellation; see image

Galaxy Image (Canva)

Astronomers have unveiled a fascinating cosmic discovery in Leo constellation. A young ultra-diffuse galaxy is forming at the tip of the longest tidal tail ever recorded. This celestial structure stretches an astonishing 1.27 million light-years from the galaxy NGC 3785.

Discovery sheds light on galaxy formation
The tidal tail resulted from gravitational interactions between NGC 3785 and a neighbouring galaxy. These forces pulled stars and gas into a long stream, setting the stage for the galaxy's birth. Ultra-diffuse galaxies are faint and challenging to detect, with low luminosity and surface brightness.

The enhanced tail structures of NGC 3785 are displayed in a reversed greyscale image. (Image: PIB)

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Indian researchers, led by Professor Sudhanshu Barway from the Indian Institute of Astrophysics, analysed this rare structure. Ph.D. student Chandan Watts highlighted its significance, stating, "This tidal tail, 1.27 million light-years long, is the longest known."

Future missions to explore faint galaxies
The findings, initiated by Omkar Bait during his time at the National Centre for Radio Astrophysics, underline the importance of galaxy interactions. These processes can create new structures and help explain ultra-diffuse galaxy formation.

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Published in Astronomy & Astrophysics Letters, the study opens doors to further exploration. Future missions like the Euclid Space Telescope promise to enhance studies of such faint features in the universe.