Diabetes and fungal infections: Control blood sugar levels, maintain foot hygiene to avoid infections

Control blood sugar levels: Managing blood sugar levels is crucial in preventing fungal infections. Poorly controlled diabetes weakens the immune system, making it harder to fight off infections (Image: Canva)

Fungal infections are common problems that can affect various parts of the body. These infections thrive in warm, moist environments and often cause discomfort, itching, and inflammation. Diabetes patients, however, are at a higher risk for developing fungal infections due to the nature of the disease and the impact it has on the immune system. Therefore, they must adopt preventive measures to reduce the risk of fungal growth, especially in areas like the feet.

Says Dr Jay Chordia, Endocrinologist at Paras Health, Udaipur, “Patients with diabetes need to be vigilant about foot care and hygiene, as high blood sugar levels create an ideal breeding ground for fungi. Preventive measures are essential to avoid infections and promote good health.”

He adds, "Fungal infections are caused by the growth of fungi in or on the body, often in areas that are warm and moist, such as the feet, armpits, and groin. Symptoms can include redness, itching, scaling, and sometimes pain. The common types of fungal infections include athlete's foot, ringworm, and yeast infections.”

Also read | Prediabetes symptoms, cure: Regular exercise, healthy diet and metformin help control blood sugar level

Diabetes, particularly when blood sugar levels are poorly controlled, can increase the likelihood of fungal infections, explains Dr Chordia. "High blood sugar creates an environment conducive to fungal growth, and those with diabetes may have a weak immune system, making it harder to fight off infections. In addition, nerve damage (neuropathy) associated with diabetes can reduce sensation in the feet, allowing fungal infections to develop without being noticed immediately,” he says.

Preventive care for fungal infections in diabetic patients:

Preventing fungal infections is crucial for diabetic patients. Dr Chordia suggests effective strategies to keep infections at bay:

• Maintain proper foot hygiene: Daily foot care is vital for preventing fungal infections. Wash your feet gently with mild soap and warm water. Dry thoroughly, particularly between the toes, as moisture in these areas can lead to fungal growth. Avoid soaking the feet, as it can cause dryness and skin cracks.

• Keep feet moisturised: Applying lotion or petroleum jelly on the feet can help keep the skin soft. However, avoid putting cream between the toes, as excess moisture here can create the perfect breeding ground for fungi.

• Wear breathable clothing and footwear: Choose natural fabrics like cotton for clothing to prevent the body from retaining excessive moisture. Wearing comfortable breathable socks and shoes will reduce friction, allow the skin to stay dry and minimise the conditions for fungal infections.

• Control blood sugar levels: Managing blood sugar levels is crucial in preventing fungal infections. Poorly controlled diabetes weakens the immune system, making it harder to fight off infections. Regular monitoring of blood sugar and adhering to treatment plans can reduce the risk significantly.

• Include probiotics in your diet: Probiotics support the body's natural defences by maintaining a healthy balance of bacteria and yeast. Include probiotic-rich foods such as yoghurt and fermented foods in your diet, to promote a balanced internal environment.

• Avoid fragrant products: Fragrant soaps, douches, and sanitary products can disrupt the body’s natural bacterial balance and increase the risk of infections. Choose unscented, gentle hygiene products to maintain the natural odour of the body.

• Regular check-ups: Routine foot examinations by a doctor are essential for catching any early signs of fungal infections. Changes in toenails, cracked skin, or unusual odours may indicate a fungal infection that needs treatment.

• Avoid smoking: Smoking restricts blood flow to the feet, slowing down the healing process and increasing the risk of infection. Quitting smoking helps maintain healthy circulation and aids in quicker recovery from any wounds or infections.