World Multiple Sclerosis Day 2024: Bursting common myths and facts about this chronic autoimmune disorder

Both cognitive and physical functions are impacted by MS. Patients frequently experience cognitive impairments, including challenges with memory, attention, and executive functioning. (Image: Canva)

World Multiple Sclerosis Day 2024: A chronic autoimmune disease that affects the brain and spinal cord, multiple sclerosis (MS) is a neurological disorder. This disorder develops when the immune system unintentionally targets the nerve fibre protective layer, the myelin sheath, causing inflammation and injury. The symptoms of multiple sclerosis (MS) can vary greatly and include fatigue, blurred vision, weak muscles, poor coordination, and cognitive difficulties. Although the exact cause of multiple sclerosis remains unknown, a mix of genetic, environmental, and immunological factors are thought to be involved. Many myths and misconceptions about MS still exist, despite tremendous advancements in knowledge and treatment.

Here are some common myths around MS 

Myth: MS is always fatal

Fact: For most people, multiple sclerosis is not lethal. Even though multiple sclerosis is a chronic and currently incurable disorder, medical advancements have considerably improved the quality of life and life expectancy of those who suffer from it. With the aid of disease-modifying treatments and symptom control, many MS patients have long, happy lives, says Dr Aditya Gupta, director of neurosurgery and Cyberknife, centre

Myth: MS only affects older adults

Fact: Young individuals are usually affected by MS, with most cases being diagnosed between the ages of 20 and 40. While less frequent, elderly individuals and children can nonetheless receive an MS diagnosis. Since the illness can affect anyone at any age, early identification and awareness are essential, says Dr Gupta.

Myth: MS is contagious

Fact: According to Dr Gupta, MS cannot be spread from person to person and is not contagious. Since it is an autoimmune disorder, the body's immune system unintentionally targets its own tissues. Though the precise origin of MS is still unknown, a complex interaction between genetic and environmental variables is involved.

Myth: All MS patients end up in wheelchairs

Fact: Although some MS patients find mobility to be a major struggle, many MS patients never use a wheelchair. The course of the disease differs widely from person to person. While some people may have moderate symptoms that can be controlled with medication, others might have more serious disabilities. Many people have been able to keep their independence and mobility because to advancements in therapy.

Myth: MS symptoms are constant

Fact: The severity and unpredictability of MS symptoms can differ. Many people go through phases of symptom flare-ups known as relapses and phases of partial or total symptom relief known as remissions. Although this fluctuation can make living with multiple sclerosis difficult, it also means that there may be times when you feel relatively good.

Myth: MS only affects physical abilities

Fact: Both cognitive and physical functions are impacted by MS. Patients frequently experience cognitive impairments, including challenges with memory, attention, and executive functioning. These cognitive difficulties can affect day-to-day functioning and productivity at work, underscoring the necessity of all-encompassing treatment that takes mental and physical health into account.