Dehydration and kidney health in children: Dry mouth, decreased urination, sunken eyes are signs of trouble

Kidney health: Chronic dehydration can cause the formation of kidney stones and increase the risk of kidney infections, both of which can have long-term health implications (Image: Canva)

Dehydration in children can stem from various causes. Commonly, it results from inadequate fluid intake, especially during hot weather or vigorous physical activities. Illnesses like diarrhea, vomiting, and fever can also rapidly deplete a child’s body fluids. Additionally, conditions such as diabetes can increase the risk of dehydration. Understanding these triggers is essential in preventing and managing dehydration effectively.

Drinking plenty of water is crucial for everyone, especially children who are in the growing stage, explains Dr Prakash Chandra Shetty, Urologist at Dr. L H Hiranandani Hospital, Powai, Mumbai. "Kids are particularly susceptible to dehydration, and adequate water intake helps their kidneys flush out toxins and function optimally. Children can become dehydrated more easily than adults because their bodies do not retain water as efficiently and use it up faster”

Dehydration and kidney problems:

Dehydration can significantly impact kidney function in children. Kidneys play a vital role in filtering waste products from the blood and maintaining a balance of fluids and electrolytes in the body. When a child is dehydrated, the kidneys must work harder to conserve water, which can lead to reduced kidney function over time. Chronic dehydration can cause the formation of kidney stones and increase the risk of kidney infections, both of which can have long-term health implications.

Here are 5 ways to spot dehydration in children, along with effective remedies:

Recognising dehydration early and taking immediate action is important in preventing serious health issues, says Dr Shetty.

Dry mouth: Dryness in the mouth and tongue is a clear sign that the child is dehydrated. Encourage frequent sips of water. Offer water-rich foods like fruits and vegetables.

Decreased urination: Those who consume plenty of water urinate more and the kids with less fluid intake might pee less often and in darker colour. Monitor the child’s urine output. Ensure your child drinks water regularly, aiming for clear or light yellow urine.

Lethargy and fatigue: Lack of water results in low energy levels in kids and feelings of tiredness. Allow the child to rest in a cool, shaded environment. Provide oral rehydration solutions to replenish lost electrolytes.

Sunken eyes and cheeks: Sunken Eyes and Cheeks are more visible signs of significant dehydration. Increase fluid intake gradually. Breastfed infants should be nursed more frequently.

Lack of tears: In extreme cases, children even cry without producing tears. Hydrate with water or oral rehydration solutions. Consult a healthcare provider if symptoms persist.

Benefits of hydration:

Sufficient hydration supports vital bodily functions by regulating body temperature, lubricating joints, and safeguarding sensitive tissues. It also plays a vital role in preventing constipation and maintaining regular bowel movements. Moreover, proper hydration enhances cognitive function, improving concentration and cognitive performance.

Additionally, staying hydrated boosts physical performance, reduces the likelihood of heat-related illnesses, and helps prevent kidney stones and urinary tract infections by flushing out toxins effectively.