China creates ultra-hard 'super diamond,' 40% harder than natural diamonds

Chinese scientists create ultra-hard ‘super diamond’ tougher than natural ones. (Representative Image: Canva)

Chinese scientists have developed an artificial diamond harder than natural ones. This discovery could benefit industries that rely on strong materials.

Most diamonds have a cubic atomic structure, making them extremely hard. However, a rarer hexagonal structure is even stronger. This form, called lonsdaleite, is usually found in meteorite impact sites. Scientists have struggled to create pure samples in labs.

Now, researchers at Jilin University have successfully produced high-quality hexagonal diamonds. They achieved this by heating compressed graphite under controlled conditions. The result is a highly structured material with unique properties.

Optical and transmission electron microscope images of pure hexagonal diamond formed under extreme pressure and temperature. (Image: Jilin University)

Harder and more heat-resistant than natural diamonds
Tests showed that this artificial diamond has a hardness of 155 GPa. In contrast, natural diamonds measure around 100 GPa. It also withstands temperatures up to 1,100°C, far beyond regular diamonds.

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These features make it suitable for industrial applications like cutting and drilling. Researchers believe this discovery could revolutionise multiple fields.

New opportunities for future materials
Scientists say this study provides insights into diamond formation. The method could help create ultra-hard materials for various uses.

Previous attempts to make hexagonal diamonds have seen limited success. However, this new process may lead to better fabrication techniques.

While industrial use is the main focus, researchers suggest another possibility. One day, these super diamonds might even be used in jewellery.