Sinusitis during monsoon: Causes, symptoms, and prevention strategies

Fungal infections during the monsoon can be particularly ghastly. Fungi thrive in damp and humid conditions and can grow beyond the nose and sinus areas into the eyes and brain. (Image: Canva)

The monsoon season, with its characteristic heat, humidity, and dampness, brings relief from the summer heat but also triggers a host of health issues, particularly sinusitis. This condition, characterised by inflammation of the sinuses, often starts with allergies caused by environmental changes. The nose and sinuses have natural defense mechanisms, such as cilia (fine hair) and mucus, which help to sweep away dust and other foreign particles. However, during the monsoon, these defenses get compromised, leading to infections. Bacteria and viruses thrive in this weather, causing swelling and blockage in the sinuses, resulting in the symptoms of sinusitis.

Understanding sinusitis and its causes

During the monsoon, the compromised defense mechanisms of the nose and sinuses become more susceptible to infections, says Dr Sanjay Sachdeva, senior ENT consultant at Hearclear India. He says that the natural openings of the sinuses into the nose are crucial for their normal function. However, bacteria and viruses can cause these openings to swell and block, leading to sinusitis. The sinuses start filling up with infected discharge, causing heaviness and pain around the ears and nose, which are the hallmark symptoms of this condition.

Getting drenched in rain can lower body temperature and weaken the body’s defense mechanisms, making it easier for viruses to cause upper respiratory infections that affect the nose and sinuses. Additionally, the damp and humid weather during monsoon can promote fungal infections, says Sachdeva. Fungal sinusitis is particularly dangerous as it can spread beyond the sinuses to the eyes and brain, and even enter the lungs, causing severe respiratory issues.

Monsoon and fungal infections

Fungal infections during the monsoon can be particularly ghastly. Fungi thrive in damp and humid conditions and can grow beyond the nose and sinus areas into the eyes and brain. Fungal spores can also enter the lungs, causing infections that may remain silent for a long time but can flare up with severe implications. Therefore, it is essential to be vigilant about fungal infections during this season and seek medical help if any symptoms appear.

Preventing sinusitis during the monsoon

To prevent sinusitis during the monsoon, it is important to take adequate precautions. Wearing proper gear while going out in the rain to avoid getting drenched is crucial. Maintaining cleanliness at home to prevent the accumulation of dust and house mites is also essential. Controlling humidity within homes and ensuring proper ventilation in closed spaces can help reduce the risk of infections, says Dr Sachdeva.

On a personal level, maintaining good hygiene, proper hydration, and a balanced diet can keep the body’s defenses strong. Indoor exercises can help maintain a healthy lifestyle, and paying special attention to gut health during the monsoon can prevent nose and sinus infections, thereby improving the overall quality of life.

When to seek medical help

While prevention is key, it is also important to know when to seek medical help, advises Dr Sachdeva. If symptoms of sinusitis such as sneezing, watery discharge, nose block, heaviness, and pain around the ears and nose persist, it is advisable to consult a healthcare professional. Early diagnosis and treatment can prevent complications and ensure a quicker recovery.