Once dismissed as a lifestyle issue or a matter of willpower, obesity is now recognised as a chronic medical condition with wide-reaching effects on health. And the numbers are rising fast. Experts warn that by 2050, more than half the world’s adults could be overweight or obese. In India, the bar is set even lower — with a BMI over 25 kg/m² considered obese, and a waistline over 90 cm for men or 80 cm for women raising red flags.
Obesity isn’t just about looks or fitness, says Dr Jasjeet Singh Wasir, Director of Diabetes and Endocrinology, Medanta, Gurugram. “It’s a medical condition that impacts nearly every system in the body; from metabolism and hormones to joints and mental health.” According to Dr Wasir, obesity affects health across four major areas, often referred to as the “4 M’s.”
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The 4 ways obesity affects your health
Dr Wasir outlines a multi-disciplinary medical approach that may help in managing obesity:
Recent advances in weight-loss drugs, like Ozempic, Wegovy, and Mounjaro, have changed the game. “They work by suppressing hunger and helping the body process calories more efficiently,” says Dr Wasir. These medications, he says, may be recommended for those with:
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FAQs about obesity
What are the major health risks associated with obesity?
Obesity increases the risk of type 2 diabetes, high blood pressure, high cholesterol, fatty liver, PCOS, joint pain, backache, sleep problems, acid reflux, mental health issues, and financial strain due to healthcare costs.
Can genes play a role in obesity?
Yes, studies suggest that genes can account for up to 80% of a person’s weight. Other factors like poor sleep, stress, urban pollution, and calorie-dense diets also contribute.
What is a multi-disciplinary approach to managing obesity?
A multi-disciplinary approach includes balanced nutrition, physical activity, behaviour therapy, medications, and, if necessary, surgery or medical devices. Team-based care from doctors, nutritionists, psychologists, and fitness professionals offers the best outcomes.
What are the recent advances in weight-loss medications?
Recent weight-loss drugs like Ozempic, Wegovy, and Mounjaro work by suppressing hunger and aiding in calorie processing. They may be recommended for those with a BMI over 30 kg/m² or over 27 kg/m² with complications like diabetes or high blood pressure.
Is weight-loss treatment the same for everyone?
No, every treatment must be personalised. There’s no one-size-fits-all approach to managing obesity.
Disclaimer: This article, including health and fitness advice, only provides generic information. Don’t treat it as a substitute for qualified medical opinion. Always consult a specialist for a specific health diagnosis.
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