Star cluster in “Cosmic Gem” arc captured by NASA's James Webb Telescope

The Galaxy cluster SPT-CL J0615−5746 (Photo - ESA/Webb/NASA)

The international astronomer's team at NASA has used the James Webb Telescope to discover the star clusters in the “Cosmic Gems” arc that came into existence just 460 million years after the Big Bang.

The Cosmic Gem arc was discovered by the Hubble Space Telescope and using the advanced technology present currently in the human world, we were able to discover the existence of these young galaxies and stars.

Due to the location and huge distance from Earth, research and studies of the cosmic object were difficult but with the international collaboration of astronomers and technology, this difficult task was made possible.

Using the Webb telescope new discovery of five young massive star clusters in the Cosmic Gems arc (SPT0615-JD1) was made. The location of these galaxies is around 13.3 billion light-years away from Earth.

These clusters are estimated to have existed from the period of the young galaxies were undergoing intense bursts. The newly discovered clusters in the arc are massive and dense, situated in a very small region of their galaxy.

Despite their small size, they contribute most of the UV light emitted by their host galaxy. This discovery will help astronomers to more about the history of the cosmos and the objects existing in it.

Lead author Angela Adamo from Stockholm University said, "These galaxies are thought to be a prime source of the intense radiation that recognized the early universe," said

The other statement on this discovery is made by the Oskar Klein Centre in Sweden. "What is special about the Cosmic Gems arc is that thanks to gravitational lensing, we can actually resolve the galaxy down to parsec scales."

Young star clusters, unlike ancient globular clusters in our Milky Way, which survived for billions of years, the discovery of these star clusters gives us an understanding of the early stages of star formation in the Universe.

Overall, the Cosmic Gems arc offers a glimpse into the Universe’s infancy, revealing star clusters that formed when the cosmos was still young and vibrant.