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Coronavirus impact | WHO, UNICEF warn of polio, measles resurgence as COVID-19 disrupts healthcare services

Both the WHO and UNICEF reminded on November 6 that the coronavirus pandemic has not only brought the entire world to its knees, but also disrupted immunization services across the globe

November 06, 2020 / 21:09 IST

Both the World Health Organization (WHO) and the United Nations Children's Fund (UNICEF) have warned of a resurgence of polio and measles as the novel coronavirus pandemic has disrupted other health services across the world.

Issuing an urgent call to action on November 6, both the UN organisations reminded that the pandemic has not only brought the entire world to its knees, but also disrupted immunization services across the globe, reported Livemint. Due to this, millions of children now run the risk of contracting preventable diseases, they said.For live updates on coronavirus, click here

“We cannot allow the fight against one deadly disease to cause us to lose ground in the fight against other diseases. Addressing the global COVID-19 pandemic is critical. However, other deadly diseases also threaten the lives of millions of children in some of the poorest areas of the world,” Henrietta Fore, Executive Director, UNICEF, said.

As per the WHO and UNICEF estimates, $655 million - $400 million for polio vaccines and $255 million for measles – is needed to bridge immunity gaps in countries that are not eligible for Gavi.

WHO said the world is already witnessing a resurgence of measles, which has worsened further due to vaccination coverage gaps triggered by the COVID-19 pandemic. The year 2019 saw the highest number of new measles infections in over 20 years.

COVID-19 Vaccine

Frequently Asked Questions

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How does a vaccine work?

A vaccine works by mimicking a natural infection. A vaccine not only induces immune response to protect people from any future COVID-19 infection, but also helps quickly build herd immunity to put an end to the pandemic. Herd immunity occurs when a sufficient percentage of a population becomes immune to a disease, making the spread of disease from person to person unlikely. The good news is that SARS-CoV-2 virus has been fairly stable, which increases the viability of a vaccine.

How many types of vaccines are there?

There are broadly four types of vaccine — one, a vaccine based on the whole virus (this could be either inactivated, or an attenuated [weakened] virus vaccine); two, a non-replicating viral vector vaccine that uses a benign virus as vector that carries the antigen of SARS-CoV; three, nucleic-acid vaccines that have genetic material like DNA and RNA of antigens like spike protein given to a person, helping human cells decode genetic material and produce the vaccine; and four, protein subunit vaccine wherein the recombinant proteins of SARS-COV-2 along with an adjuvant (booster) is given as a vaccine.

What does it take to develop a vaccine of this kind?

Vaccine development is a long, complex process. Unlike drugs that are given to people with a diseased, vaccines are given to healthy people and also vulnerable sections such as children, pregnant women and the elderly. So rigorous tests are compulsory. History says that the fastest time it took to develop a vaccine is five years, but it usually takes double or sometimes triple that time.

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As per the WHO’s measles surveillance data 2019, India occupies the fourth spot among 194 countries vis-à-vis the number of new measles cases registered in a year. Madagascar has reported the highest number of new measles cases at 150,976, followed by Ukraine at 84,394, the Philippines at 45,847, and India at 39,299 cases.

Follow our coverage of the coronavirus crisis here

Moneycontrol News
first published: Nov 6, 2020 09:09 pm

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