Symptoms of gallstones: Watch out for jaundice, fever, abdominal pain, indigestion and more

Experiencing recurring pain in the upper right abdomen, often after meals, possibly extending to the back or shoulder blades, indicative of potential gallstone-related discomfort and inflammation. (Image: Canva)

Gallstones are solid particles that form in the gallbladder, a small organ beneath the liver responsible for storing bile—a digestive fluid produced by the liver. These stones can vary in size, from tiny grains to large golf ball-sized masses. When bile contains too much cholesterol or bilirubin, or when the gallbladder does not empty properly or efficiently, these substances can crystallise and solidify into stones over time.

Several factors contribute to the formation of gallstones, including obesity, rapid weight loss, a diet high in cholesterol or fat, pregnancy, certain medications, and certain medical conditions such as diabetes or liver disease. People with a family history of gallstones are also at increased risk.

Here are signs that might indicate you're at risk of developing gallstones, based on common risk factors according to Dr Vikas Jain, surgical gastroenterology and oncologist.

 Abdominal pain: Experience recurring pain in the upper right abdomen, often after meals, possibly extending to the back or shoulder blades, indicative of potential gallstone-related discomfort and inflammation.

Digestive issues: Encounter nausea, vomiting, or bloating, especially after consuming fatty or greasy foods, highlighting digestive disturbances commonly associated with gallstone presence.

Changes in stool colour: Notice light-coloured or clay-coloured stools, signaling bile duct obstruction, a typical sign of gallstones affecting bile flow.

Jaundice: Develop yellowing of the skin or whites of the eyes, accompanied by dark urine, due to blocked bile ducts from gallstones, necessitating medical attention.

Fever: Experience fever accompanied by chills, suggesting possible gallbladder infection (cholecystitis), a serious complication linked to gallstones.

Indigestion: Persist with upper abdominal discomfort or a sense of fullness, unrelated to specific meals, potentially indicating gallstone-related issues affecting digestion.

Family history: Have a family history of gallstones, increasing personal risk due to inherited genetic predispositions, emphasising the need for proactive health monitoring.

Obesity or rapid weight loss: Face heightened risk of gallstone formation due to excess weight or rapid weight loss, underscoring the importance of maintaining a healthy weight to reduce susceptibility.

If you experience any of these symptoms or have risk factors such as obesity, a high-fat diet, or a family history of gallstones, it's advisable to consult a healthcare provider for evaluation and appropriate management. Early detection and lifestyle modifications can help reduce the risk of complications associated with gallstones.