National Nutrition Week 2024: Lean proteins, vegetables and fruits are crucial in pregnancy diet

A balanced and nutrient-rich diet during pregnancy is crucial for the healthy development of the baby. (Image: Canva)

Maternal nutrition plays a vital role in ensuring the health and well-being of both the mother and her baby during pregnancy and breastfeeding. The nutritional needs of a woman significantly increase during these phases, as her body must support the growth and development of the foetus and produce nutrient-rich breast milk for her newborn. Proper dietary choices are essential to prevent complications, promote healthy development, and ensure the mother's well-being.

Nutrition during pregnancy

A balanced and nutrient-rich diet during pregnancy is crucial for the healthy development of the baby and the mother's health. Key nutrients like folic acid, iron, calcium, and protein are indispensable during this time. Folic acid, commonly found in leafy greens and fortified cereals, is critical in the early stages of pregnancy to prevent neural tube defects, says Dr Tripti Raheja, Lead Consultant, Obstetrics & Gynaecology at the CK Birla Hospital, Delhi.

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Dr Raheja also adds that iron is essential to support the increased blood volume in the mother's body and to prevent anaemia, which is a common concern during pregnancy. Calcium contributes to the development of the baby’s bones and teeth, while protein is necessary for the growth of foetal tissues, including the brain. Eating a variety of fruits, vegetables, whole grains, and lean proteins in the diet ensures that the mother and baby receive the essential vitamins and minerals required for optimal health. Pregnant women should also stay hydrated and manage their calorie intake, avoiding excessive weight gain while ensuring that they meet the increased energy demands of pregnancy.

Nutrition during breastfeeding

According to Dr Raheja, the nutritional requirements continue to be high during breastfeeding, as the mother's diet directly influences the quality of breast milk. Breastfeeding mothers need extra calories and should focus on consuming a diet rich in whole grains, fruits, vegetables, lean proteins, and healthy fats.

These foods provide essential nutrients like vitamins A, D, B12, and omega-3 fatty acids, which are crucial for the baby’s growth, brain development, and immune system. Maintaining a well-balanced diet during breastfeeding not only ensures the baby receives adequate nutrition but also helps the mother recover from childbirth and sustain her energy levels. Hydration is equally important, as producing breast milk requires additional fluids.