Bird Flu scare in Delhi zoo: Symptoms of avian influenza in humans, how to prevent it

Symptoms of bird flu in humans: Watch out for fever, cough, sore throat, runny nose headaches, muscle aches and fatigue (Image: Pexels)

Delhi’s National Zoological Park has been temporarily closed following a confirmed discovery of H5N1 avian influenza, which was first detected on August 30, 2022. As of September 1, at least 12 birds have died, which led to the immediate lockdown of the popular tourist destination for critical biosecurity protocols.

Although there have been no reported cases of human infection to date yet, it raises alarms to public health experts, and physicians, due to the well described zoonotic potential of H5N1.

Health risks of avian influenza

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Health experts are concerned because while infection in humans is relatively rare, avian influenza can cause significant respiratory illness in humans with a high fatality rate. The virus is usually transmitted human-to-human via direct or environmental exposure to infected birds, given that the H5N1 virus can mutate into a transmissible strain, the potential for a significantly increased risk exists.

For now, physicians are carefully watching patients with potential exposures, including zoo personnel and poultry workers at the beginning of fall, for starting symptoms of illness (anything from seasonal flu to pneumonia that can progress rapidly).

Dr Swati Maheshwari, Additional Director - Internal Medicine, Fortis Manesar, says it is essential to remain vigilant and on high alert and keep these important aspects in mind:

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How does bird flu get transferred to humans?

• Primarily through contact with infected birds or their droppings
• By handling surfaces contaminated with the virus
• Human-to-human transmission does happen but only in limited cases

• Fever
• Coughing, sore throat, runny nose
• Headaches, muscle aches and fatigue

• Shortness of breath
• Chest pain
• Pneumonia or other serious lung issues in some cases

• Poultry workers, farmers and vets
• Visitors to live bird markets
• Anyone handling birds and/or no protective equipment.

• Do not touch sick or dead birds
• Wash your hands often with soap and water
• Wear gloves and face masks if you are handling birds
• Cook poultry and eggs thoroughly
• Go see your doctor if you develop flu-like symptoms after bird exposure.