Apollo neurologist explains: How Metformin and PPIs can lower Vitamin B12 level in body

Common medications like metformin and PPIs can lower vitamin B12 absorption, warns Apollo doctor. (Image: Pexels)

Vitamin B12 an important nutrient that promotes healthy brain development and proper nervous system operation. It also aids in DNA synthesis and red blood cell production, which makes it an essential component of preserving overall health and vitality. Unfortunately, though, vitamin B12 is one of the most common deficiencies among Indians and even more in vegetarians.

While the cause of this deficiency can be tracked down to a lack of certain food items in our daily plate, Dr Sudhir Kumar, MD, a senior neurologist at Apollo Hospitals in Hyderabad, has noted another surprising factor that adds on to the list of causes.

Dr Kumar in an YouTube video on his channel shared than certain commonly prescribed medications can also play significant role in deficit of vitamin B12. Through his video, Dr Kumar explained that two types of medicines — metformin and proton pump inhibitors (PPIs) — can interfere with the body’s ability to absorb vitamin B12, potentially leading to deficiency over time.

Also Read: Vitamin B12 deficiency in men over 50: 8 secret signs affecting legs, feet, and sleep

Dr Kumar claimed that Metformin, a commonly prescribed drug for managing type 2 diabetes and in cases of polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) and metabolic disorders, has been associated with decreased vitamin B12 levels. According to him, long-term use of metformin can disrupt the small intestine's ability to absorb vitamin B12, which could eventually result in a deficiency.

PPIs like omeprazole, pantoprazole, rabeprazole, and esomeprazole are frequently used to treat conditions like acidity and peptic ulcers, according to Dr. Kumar. They work well to lower stomach acid production. However, reduced stomach acid can hinder the absorption of vitamin B12, as stomach acid is required for the release of vitamin B12 from food. Long-term use of PPIs may lead to B12 deficiency, particularly in individuals with chronic digestive issues.

Dr Kumar suggested a few simple practices that could help you keep in check the vitamin B12 levels even after consuming such medications.

Regular Monitoring: People taking metformin or PPIs long-term should have their vitamin B12 levels checked periodically.

Dietary Sources: If you are on any of these prescription drugs, incorporate B12-rich foods into your diet, such as dairy products, eggs, and complex cereals.

Take Supplement: Consult with a healthcare provider about B12 supplements if a deficiency is detected.

Alternative Medications: Discuss with a doctor the possibility of using alternative medications that have less impact on B12 absorption.

Also Read: 8 vitamin B12-rich foods you should eat for your brain health

Although drugs such as PPIs and metformin are useful in treating certain medical conditions, they may have unexpected consequences for the absorption of nutrients. Maintaining general health and reducing the risk of deficiency can be achieved by being proactive in monitoring vitamin B12 levels and modifying diet.

FAQs on vitamin B12 deficiency due to medications

Q: Can medications cause vitamin B12 deficiency?

A: Yes, certain medications like metformin and proton pump inhibitors (PPIs) can interfere with the body's ability to absorb vitamin B12, potentially leading to a deficiency over time.

Q: How do metformin and PPIs affect vitamin B12 absorption?

A: Metformin can disrupt the small intestine's ability to absorb vitamin B12. PPIs reduce stomach acid, which is needed to release vitamin B12 from food, hindering its absorption.

Q: What can I do to maintain my vitamin B12 levels while on these medications?

A: Regular monitoring of vitamin B12 levels, incorporating B12-rich foods into your diet, taking B12 supplements if needed, and discussing alternative medications with your doctor can help.

Disclaimer: This article, including health and fitness advice, only provides generic information. Don’t treat it as a substitute for qualified medical opinion. Always consult a specialist for a specific health diagnosis.