The longest solar eclipse in 100 years is coming: How day will turn into night for over 6 minutes | Explained

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In a rare astronomical event that has skywatchers around the world preparing their telescopes, a total solar eclipse on August 2, 2027, promises to deliver the longest period of darkness visible on land this century. For up to 6 minutes and 23 seconds, the Moon will completely cover the Sun along a narrow path stretching from southern Europe to the Middle East.

During this time, daylight will fade, temperatures may drop, and the Sun’s outer corona will become visible as a glowing ring. Millions of people living under the path of totality will experience this rare sight, which astronomers describe as the most significant solar eclipse of the 21st century. A similar event of this length is not expected again for many decades.

The 2027 eclipse will last longer than most total solar eclipses because of a rare alignment of celestial factors. The Moon will be close to Earth, making it appear larger in the sky, while Earth will be slightly farther from the Sun, making the Sun appear smaller. This perfect positioning allows the Moon to block the Sun completely for an unusually long time. At peak totality, some areas will experience more than six minutes of darkness, which is exceptional by historical standards. Experts say no other total solar eclipse visible from land will last this long in the current century.

The path of totality will begin over the Atlantic Ocean and move across southern Spain, then continue through Morocco, Algeria, Tunisia, Libya and Egypt. It will also be visible in parts of Saudi Arabia, Yemen and other areas of the Middle East. People in these regions will see the full total solar eclipse. Areas outside the path will witness only a partial eclipse, where the Sun is partly covered. India will not see this eclipse in totality, and visibility there will be minimal or absent.

Observers in the path of totality will first see the Moon slowly begin to cover the Sun, dimming the light over about an hour. As totality approaches, the sky will darken significantly, birds and animals may react as if night is approaching, and temperatures could fall slightly. At the moment of totality, the Sun will disappear completely and the bright corona will shimmer around the Moon. After this brief period, sunlight will gradually return as the Moon moves away.

Astronomers consider this eclipse important not only for its visual impact but also for scientific research. The long duration gives scientists more time to study the Sun’s corona, which is normally hidden by the Sun’s bright surface. These observations can help researchers understand solar winds, magnetic fields and other space weather phenomena. For the public, the event offers a rare chance to witness a dramatic transformation of the sky in broad daylight.

Looking directly at the Sun during any phase of a solar eclipse can cause serious eye damage. Experts advise using certified solar viewing glasses or special filters to observe the event safely. Only during the brief moment of totality, when the Sun is fully covered, is it safe to look with the naked eye. Anyone planning to travel should prepare early and ensure proper safety equipment is available.