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From how it got its name to what are its symptoms: Here are all your COVID-19 questions answered

While the most common symptoms of the disease are high fever, sometimes with chills, a dry cough and fatigue, one tell-tale sign of COVID-19 is the loss of a sense of smell.

October 05, 2020 / 15:00 IST

Over the last two weeks, India has maintained a steady trend of recording less than 10 lakh active COVID-19 cases while the number of people who have recuperated from the disease surged to 55,86,703, pushing the recovery rate to 84.34 percent, Health Ministry's recent numbers show.

As a result, many people are now looking towards understanding more about the condition, how to understand the symptoms as well as the onset of COVID-19.

Here's everything you need to know about the coronavirus:

How did the name come about?

While the name of the virus is derived from the crown-like spikes that surround the virus, COVID-19 was officially named by the World Health Organization (WHO) on February 11.

The "Co" is derived from Coronavirus, the "vi" stands for virus, while "d" stands for disease. The number 19 stands for the year the outbreak occurred. According to  Tedros Ghebreyesus, the WHO's director-general, this name was chosen to avoid any references to a specific geographical location, animal species or group of people. This was in line with international recommendations for naming aimed at preventing stigmatization.

COVID-19 Vaccine

Frequently Asked Questions

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How does a vaccine work?

A vaccine works by mimicking a natural infection. A vaccine not only induces immune response to protect people from any future COVID-19 infection, but also helps quickly build herd immunity to put an end to the pandemic. Herd immunity occurs when a sufficient percentage of a population becomes immune to a disease, making the spread of disease from person to person unlikely. The good news is that SARS-CoV-2 virus has been fairly stable, which increases the viability of a vaccine.

How many types of vaccines are there?

There are broadly four types of vaccine — one, a vaccine based on the whole virus (this could be either inactivated, or an attenuated [weakened] virus vaccine); two, a non-replicating viral vector vaccine that uses a benign virus as vector that carries the antigen of SARS-CoV; three, nucleic-acid vaccines that have genetic material like DNA and RNA of antigens like spike protein given to a person, helping human cells decode genetic material and produce the vaccine; and four, protein subunit vaccine wherein the recombinant proteins of SARS-COV-2 along with an adjuvant (booster) is given as a vaccine.

What does it take to develop a vaccine of this kind?

Vaccine development is a long, complex process. Unlike drugs that are given to people with a diseased, vaccines are given to healthy people and also vulnerable sections such as children, pregnant women and the elderly. So rigorous tests are compulsory. History says that the fastest time it took to develop a vaccine is five years, but it usually takes double or sometimes triple that time.

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Is COVID-19 the flu? 

Most symptoms of the two diseases are so similar that short of a test — or two or three tests — it won’t be possible to know for sure. However, with COVID-19 it can be different.

While the most common symptoms of the disease are high fever, sometimes with chills, a dry cough and fatigue, one tell-tale sign of COVID-19 is the loss of a sense of smell, not due to a stuffy nose but due to the fact that in these cases patients do not register even strong odors like onions or coffee.

What are the symptoms of COVID-19?

According to the WHO's website, the most common symptoms of COVID-19 are fever, dry cough, and tiredness.

Other symptoms that are less common and may affect some patients include aches and pains, nasal congestion, headache, conjunctivitis, sore throat, diarrhea, loss of taste or smell or a rash on skin or discoloration of fingers or toes. These symptoms are usually mild and begin gradually. Some people become infected but only have very mild symptoms.

Is sore throat a symptom of COVID-19?

While the WHO hasn't declared sore throat as a primary symptom of the disease, it has said that it can possibly show up in some cases.

How to check for COVID-19 cases globally live and what is the best map? 

To understand what the case count is globally, the WHO runs a dashboard that regularly updates on the ongoing global situation. You can also browse this COVID-19 dashboard via region to see any updates as per region.

The WHO Situation Dashboard also has the best map where you can track the updates geographically across the world.

Is there a treatment for COVID-19?

Unfortunately, not yet. However, there are many promising candidates that currently undergoing medical trials. With the most promising vaccine being developed by scientists at Oxford University who are now expecting regulator approval on it before the beginning of 2021.

As for India, Union Health Minister Dr. Harsh Vardhan said on October 4 that 20-25 crore Indians would be vaccinated against COVID-19 in July of 2021. However, there have been questioned raised about whether this will be enough to counteract the spread of the pandemic within the country.

Moneycontrol News
first published: Oct 5, 2020 03:00 pm

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