Indian scientists found a rare red-coloured microbe in Antarctica that can survive up to 85 minutes of direct UV exposure

Indian scientists found a rare red bacterium in Antarctic Lake. (Image: Canva)

• NCCS scientists find red microbe in Antarctic lake sediments.
• Microbe withstands extreme cold and UV with unique pigments and proteins.
• Discovery could benefit biotech, medicine, and extraterrestrial search.

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Scientists have discovered a striking red-coloured microbe in a lake in Antarctica. The researchers believe that the organism could hold valuable clues for biotechnology, medicine and even the search for life beyond Earth.

The microorganism was identified by scientists from the National Centre for Cell Science (NCCS) in Pune, India. NCCS were studying on microbial life in the extreme conditions of the Antarctic region. The newly identified bacterium in red colour was found in the sediments of an Antarctic lake.

Where Was This Bacteria Found?

The bacterium was discovered in sediment samples collected from a lake in Antarctica. This is one of the most extreme environments on the planet.  The discovery was made by scientists from the National Centre for Cell Science (NCCS) in Pune, India.

They were analysing microbial life in Antarctic ecosystems. Laboratory experiments showed that the microbe can survive up to 85 minutes of direct UV exposure.

Why Did It Appear in Red Colour?

The bacterium attracted immediate attention due to its bright red pigment. Scientists believe this colour comes from special protective compounds produced by the microbe.

These pigments likely act as a natural shield against strong ultraviolet (UV) radiation, which is particularly intense in polar regions where atmospheric protection can be thinner.

The pigment may also help protect the microbe’s cellular machinery from damage caused by radiation and environmental stress.

How is this Bacteria Surviving in the Coldest Conditions?

Antarctica experiences some of the coldest temperatures on Earth, yet this microbe manages to survive in the icy environment. Scientists believe the bacterium survives through several biological adaptation.

The production of special proteins and enzymes help it remain active at extremely low temperatures. Its flexible cell membranes prevent freezing damage. These adaptations allow the bacterium to function even in environments where most organisms would struggle to survive.

How Did Scientists Find This?

The discovery was made during scientific sampling of Antarctic Lake sediments. Researchers collected samples from the lakebed and brought them to laboratories. Here they analysed the microorganisms present in the sediments.

Through microbial isolation techniques and laboratory cultivation, scientists identified the unusual red bacterium among the microbial communities.

Is This a New Species or a Common One?

Scientists believe the bacterium represents a previously unidentified species. New microbial species are often discovered in extreme environments such as Antarctica.

They are discovered in this region because these regions remain relatively unexplored compared with other ecosystems. The identification of a new bacterium adds to the growing catalogue of extremophiles.