Scientists discover 160-million-year-old reptile with lizard and snake features-Here is what study says

Breugnathair elgolensis, or the "false snake of Elgol," was discovered near the village of Elgol in Scotland. (Image credit: National Museums Scotland/Brennan Stokkermans)

Paleontologists have discovered an almost complete fossil of a new type of reptile on the Isle of Skye in Scotland. Dated to around 160-167 million years ago this reptile from the Jurassic exhibits a remarkable mix of snake-like and lizard-like characteristics, providing important new evidence for understanding the evolution of early reptiles.

The new species is known as Breugnathair elgolensis, which is gaelic for "false snake of Elgol". It has a snake-like jaw with curved, python-like teeth, which must have been advantageous for catching small prey. But, unlike modern snakes, it had a lizard-like body with fully developed limbs, meaning it had a transitional anatomy between traditional lizards and the snake body form.

The species belongs to the order Squamata, and the sub-group Parviraptoridae. This fossil is one of (if not the most) complete specimens of Jurassic lizard and already provides important evidence for researchers trying to understand how snakes evolved.

Although it is not possible to determine whether this or similar species are direct ancestors of snakes or whether similar adaptations to hunting evolved separately, the specimen provides an important piece in the evolutionary story.

The fossil was collected in 2015 and subsequently studied using modern imaging engineering methods. This technology allowed researchers to visualize and scan small anatomical areas of the fossil without actually processing or manipulating the specimen.

The discovery highlights the importance of Scotland's Jurassic fossil sites. It also shows that even well-known groups such as lizards and snakes can still yield new surprises. Discoveries such as new species B. elgolensis, will enhance the understanding of evolutionary trajectories and the diversity of life in the Jurassic period.