Explained: What is Ransomware, how it works, and how you can prevent an attack

Computers across the globe yesterday got hit by a new type of ransomware called Goldeneye.

The outbreak took place soon after WannaCry infected users across India and the world recently.

Knowing how vulnerable one is to infiltration and the possible steps that can be taken to prevent to a ransomware attack can help improve your overall information security.

As noted by Tech Target, ransomware "kidnaps" data and demands payment for its release. Its main aim is to not compromise files in any permanent manner, but rather isolate it from the user.

Ransomware often enters a device stealthily through seemingly harmless software or applications.Users can go on checking email or seemingly benign applications until they discover files are locked and a ransom demand displays on the screen.

Ransomware is of two types: Locker and crypto programs.

Locker programs are programs that prevent important device functions such as blocking internet or desktop access. This type of code does not isolate any files or data. Crypto programs are the more devastating type of ransomware attacks.

Ransomware threatens to delete the files it holds ransom unless payment is issued, mainly through bitcoin, within a certain deadline. Kaspersky estimates that it takes around USD 300 to get rid of a crypto program.

Since crypto programs use persistent security keys, it becomes very difficult to unlock the code unless one has the security key.Prevention is better than the cure, and only Windows PCs are not the only ones at risk.

According to PCWorld, it is now possible for ransomware to attack Android and iOS, Linux servers and even smart televisions. Deleting spam mail, not opening malicious links and downloading applications only through trusted applications is the best way to minimize chances. Backing up critical files in external hardware such as external hard drives and USB sticks help.

Wait, my Mac can be infected? https://t.co/7Zyb3WCT3spic.twitter.com/14fXrHytMQ

— Eugene Kaspersky (@e_kaspersky) March 9, 2016

If one’s system is infected by Ransomware, one can try their luck online for a cure as many security companies have developed ways to crack existing ransomware encryption. As a last option, one can pay the ransom, although that does not guarantee the safe return of one’s files and neither is it encouraged by experts.