7 common skin allergens that put you at risk of skin cancer

Health risks of fragrances: Some synthetic fragrances contain phthalates, which have been linked to hormonal disruptions and increased cancer risk (Image: Canva)

The prevalence of skin cancer has increased globally, making it imperative to understand the contributing factors. While excessive sun exposure remains the leading cause, emerging research indicates that certain skin allergens can also heighten the risk. These allergens, often found in everyday products, can cause chronic inflammation and sensitisation, creating a fertile ground for skin cancer development.

Here are certain common skin allergens and their potential link to skin cancer:

Fragrances

Fragrances are ubiquitous in personal care products, including perfumes, lotions, and soaps. While they add an appealing scent, they can be potent allergens. Fragrance allergies manifest as dermatitis, characterised by redness, itching, and swelling. Prolonged exposure and chronic inflammation can damage skin cells, potentially leading to mutations and cancerous growths. Moreover, some synthetic fragrances contain phthalates, which have been linked to hormonal disruptions and increased cancer risk.

Parabens

Parabens are preservatives used to extend the shelf life of cosmetic and pharmaceutical products. Despite their efficacy, they are known to cause allergic reactions in sensitive individuals. Parabens can mimic oestrogen, a hormone that plays a role in the development of certain cancers. Research suggests that parabens can accumulate in the body over time, leading to long-term health risks, including breast cancer and skin cancer. Opting for paraben-free products can reduce exposure to these harmful chemicals.

Nickel

Nickel is a metal commonly found in jewellery, belt buckles, and even mobile phones. It is one of the most prevalent allergens, causing contact dermatitis in many people. Chronic nickel exposure and resulting skin irritation can lead to cellular damage and increase the risk of skin cancer. Nickel allergies are particularly problematic because the metal is present in many everyday items, making avoidance challenging. Nickel-free alternatives or protective barriers can help minimise contact.

Formaldehyde

Formaldehyde is a preservative found in numerous household products, including nail polish, hair straighteners, and some cosmetics. It is a recognised allergen and a known carcinogen. Exposure to formaldehyde can cause allergic reactions such as eczema and dermatitis. Long-term exposure, especially when combined with other risk factors like UV radiation, can escalate the risk of developing skin cancer. Choosing formaldehyde-free products can significantly lower exposure levels.

Lanolin

Lanolin, derived from sheep's wool, is a common ingredient in moisturisers and healing ointments. While it is generally safe for most people, it can cause allergic reactions in those with sensitive skin. Lanolin allergies can lead to chronic inflammation, which may increase the risk of skin cancer over time. For individuals with lanolin sensitivity, opting for hypoallergenic alternatives is advisable to prevent adverse reactions.

PPD (Paraphenylenediamine)

PPD is a chemical used in hair dyes and henna tattoos. It is a strong allergen and can cause severe allergic reactions, including blistering, redness, and itching. Chronic exposure to PPD can lead to long-lasting skin damage and potentially contribute to the development of skin cancer. Using natural hair dye alternatives or PPD-free products can reduce the risk of allergic reactions and subsequent health issues.

Sunscreens with Oxybenzone

Ironically, some sunscreens, designed to protect against skin cancer, contain allergens like oxybenzone. Oxybenzone is a chemical that absorbs UV radiation but can also cause allergic reactions in sensitive individuals. Additionally, it is a potential endocrine disruptor, which can interfere with hormone function and increase cancer risk. Choosing sunscreens with physical blockers like zinc oxide or titanium dioxide can provide effective UV protection without the associated risks.