Ichikolowa: The World’s largest edible mushroom that can grow bigger than you imagine

Termitomyces titanicus (Image: Wikipedia)

In Zambia's forest, one mushroom is the star of the show. Known locally as Ichikolowa, it is no ordinary fungus but the largest edible mushroom on Earth.

What makes this mushroom so extraordinary?
Most mushrooms fit easily in the palm of a hand. But Termitomyces titanicus, found across West Africa and Zambia, can grow caps wider than three feet. Zambians value it as both a food item and cultural icon and clamor for it during rainy days.

How does it get so big?

The Termitomyces gets its name from its special association with termites. It develops in termite mounds, deriving sustenance from the insects' dung as they degrade plant materials. Termites, in turn, graze on the rotting tissues, making it a symbiotic relationship. This relationship provides the fungus an opportunity to grow and become its massive size.

Why is it special to Zambians?

In Zambia, mushroom picking is a valued tradition. The titanicus type is particularly popular for its smoky and salty flavour, which has a meaty texture unlike other wild mushrooms. It thrives best in the miombo forests of the country, where the richness of flora and fauna creates the optimal environment for its propagation.

How does it rank internationally?

While the largest organism on Earth is another fungus in Oregon, Termitomyces titanicus holds the title of the world’s largest edible mushroom. Its sheer size, coupled with its flavour, makes it one of the most intriguing fungi on record to science and society.