Oral cancer risk: The alarming link between vaping and oral health

Health risks of vaping: Chemicals in e-cigarette aerosols can cause serious damage to the oral cavity, leading to long-term consequences

Vaping is often advertised as a safer alternative to smoking. Nevertheless, research suggests that it carries certain health risks. Unlike traditional cigarettes, which burn tobacco to release nicotine, e-cigarettes heat a liquid containing nicotine, flavourings, and other chemicals.

The rising popularity of vaping, especially among young adults, has given rise to major concerns about its long-term health effects. Advertised as a safer alternative to smoking, vaping is now under scrutiny for its potential role in increasing oral cancer risk, says Dr Amrita Gogia, Associate Director & HOD, Dentistry, Medanta, Gurugram. “Studies suggest that the incidence of oral cancer has been rising since the mid-2000s—coinciding with the surge in e-cigarette use. E-cigarette sales soared by 46.6 percent between January 2020 and December 2022, highlighting its rapid adoption,” says Dr Gogia.

However, this increase comes with alarming health implications, particularly for oral health. “Many people assume vaping is harmless, but research is showing that the chemicals in e-cigarette aerosols can cause serious damage to the oral cavity, leading to long-term consequences,” Dr Gogia warns.

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Recent studies reveal that even short-term e-cigarette use can trigger DNA modifications in oral cells, resembling those found in traditional smokers. “These modifications, known as epigenetic changes, interfere with normal cell function and may increase the risk of cancer. The harmful substances in vaping aerosols, including nicotine, heavy metals, and artificial flavouring agents, can cause inflammation and tissue damage, creating an environment conducive to cancerous changes,” explains Dr Gogia.

Such chemicals can also weaken the body’s ability to repair damaged cells, further increasing the risk of oral cancer. “Since vaping is still relatively new, researchers are only beginning to understand its long-term effects. However, the initial findings strongly suggest that vaping is far from the harmless alternative it was once believed to be,” she says.

Vaping and oral health; detection and prevention:

While often seen as safer than smoking, vaping still harms oral health. It increases the risk of gum disease, cavities, and oral discomfort. Chemicals in vape aerosols weaken gums, promote bacterial infections, and erode enamel. Many vapers experience gum pain and dry mouth, though less than traditional smokers. With vaping's popularity among young people, raising awareness is vital. Regular dental check-ups help, but quitting or reducing vaping is the best way to protect your teeth and gums.

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With oral cancer cases on the rise, dentists suggest early detection and prevention. “Routine dental check-ups are crucial for identifying early signs of cancer, such as unexplained sores, lumps, or discolored patches. Many of these symptoms go unnoticed until the disease has progressed. Dentists play a key role in assessing risk factors, including vaping habits, and providing early intervention. Regular screenings can detect abnormalities before they become serious, significantly improving treatment outcomes,” says Dr Gogia.

Disclaimer: This article, including health and fitness advice, only provides generic information. Don’t treat it as a substitute for qualified medical opinion. Always consult a specialist for specific health diagnosis.