National Dengue Day 2024: How to manage dengue fever at home

To minimise fever and discomfort, use cold compresses, take cool baths, or use fans to lower body temperature. (Image: Canva)

Dengue fever, a mosquito-borne illness prevalent in tropical and subtropical regions, poses a significant health risk, especially during the monsoon season when mosquito breeding is widespread. Characterised by symptoms such as high fever, headaches, joint pain, and nausea, dengue can arise quickly if not managed properly. While medical intervention is crucial, there are several self-care measures individuals can take at home to reduce symptoms and aid recovery. Remember the golden rule. Liquids is the only treatment available for dengue.

Here are some tips for managing dengue fever at home, along with guidance on when to seek medical assistance suggested by Dr Yogesh Gupta, Sr. consultant physician, Sterling hospitals, Gurukul.

1. Adequate hydration is vital for dengue patients to prevent dehydration, especially when experiencing fever and vomiting. Encourage frequent intake of water, oral rehydration solutions, coconut water, and clear soups to maintain the electrolyte balance. If you cannot drink liquids as required, don't postpone your admission.

2. Rest is essential for the body to recover from dengue fever. Patients should avoid stressful activities and ensure they get plenty of sleep. Additionally, isolation from mosquitoes is crucial to prevent further transmission of the virus to others.

3. To minimise fever and discomfort, use cold compresses, take cool baths, or use fans to lower body temperature. Avoid using aspirin or ibuprofen, as these can increase the risk of bleeding.

4. Consume a balanced diet rich in fruits, vegetables, and protein to support the immune system and aid in recovery. Include foods high in vitamin C, such as citrus fruits and guava, to boost immunity.

5. Keep a close watch on dengue symptoms, such as severe abdominal pain, continuous vomiting, bleeding gums, or difficulty in breathing. Seek immediate medical attention if any of these symptoms occur, as they may indicate severe dengue or complications.

6. Platelets count do decrease in dengue but may not cause bleeding in majority of cases. But if someone hurts itself then bleeding may not stop easily.

While self-care measures can help decrease symptoms, dengue fever can erupt rapidly and lead to severe complications if not managed promptly. Therefore, it's crucial to know when to seek medical help. Consult a healthcare provider if:

• Fever persists for more than two days or worsens.
• Severe abdominal pain or persistent vomiting occurs.
• Bleeding gums, nosebleeds, or blood in urine or stool is observed.
• Difficulty in breathing or chest pain is experienced.
• Signs of dehydration, such as decreased urination or dizziness, are present.

Medical professionals may conduct diagnostic tests, such as blood tests and platelet count, to assess the severity of the infection and provide appropriate treatment. In severe cases, hospitalisation may be necessary for close monitoring and supportive care.