The biodiversity of India is astonishingly high, as it is depicted in its forests, reserves, as well as in the symbols adopted by the Indian states. Every state is proud to demonstrate its ecological background with the help of special state animals and birds, some of which are rare and are located only in certain areas. These signs remind the nation of the need to save endangered species.
Mizoram, as an example, has the Serow or goat-antelope as a state animal. This species is known to be a shy species that inhabits the eastern Himalayas and is currently being subjected to habitat loss. Arunachal Pradesh is home to a thick forest with a high concentration of Mithun, which is a semi-domesticated bovine of the area with both a cultural and ecological role. The Blyth's Tragopan, a powerful but rare pheasant with an eye-catching plumage, represents Nagaland and is endangered by hunting.
Barasingha, or swamp deer, is known in Madhya Pradesh in central India, where it has been restored to a performance level despite the species having become nearly extinct within the park because of the severe conservation measures. Likewise, Assam has made the one-horned rhinoceros its state animal, the animal associated with Kaziranga National Park and with the worldwide symbol of a successful approach toward the protection of wildlife.
Even the minor states possess individual decisions. Manipur acknowledges the Sangai, which is a brow-antlered deer only present in the floating marshes of the Loktak Lake. This is a highly endangered species that is closely associated with Manipuri culture and identity. Sikkim emphasises the Red Panda, which is its state animal and a rather popular but threatened mammal that inhabits the Eastern Himalayas.
These are not just symbolic choices. They are a mirror of the ecological prosperity of various areas and emphasise the desperate necessity of protection. It is paramount to protect these species as their preservation would mean that the Indian natural heritage would be rich and diverse for the coming generations.
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