Vikramshila Sanctuary, Assam: India’s Only Pink River Dolphins Can Be Spotted Here

Vikramshila Sanctuary, Assam: India’s Only Pink River Dolphins Can Be Spotted Here

On the banks of the Ganga in Bhagalpur district, Bihar, lies the Vikramshila Gangetic Dolphin Sanctuary, India’s only protected reserve dedicated to the endangered Ganges river dolphin, locally known as susu. Stretching across nearly 60 kilometres of river from Sultanganj to Kahalgaon, the sanctuary was set up in 1991 to safeguard one of the world’s most threatened freshwater dolphin species.

The Ganges river dolphin is often referred to as the “pink river dolphin” because of its pale, pinkish-grey hue, especially visible when it surfaces. These unique mammals are functionally blind, relying on echolocation to navigate and hunt in the turbid waters of the Ganga. Their playful leaps and rhythmic surfacing make them a captivating sight, and Vikramshila remains one of the few strongholds where visitors can reliably encounter them in the wild.

Beyond dolphins, the sanctuary is a rich mosaic of aquatic biodiversity. Smooth-coated otters, gharials, freshwater turtles, and over 135 species of waterfowl thrive in this stretch of the river. The sandbars and islands formed during monsoon floods also provide important nesting grounds for migratory birds, turning the area into a paradise for birdwatchers.

Despite its protected status, the sanctuary faces challenges. River pollution, accidental entanglement in fishing nets, and habitat fragmentation continue to threaten dolphin populations. Yet, conservation efforts by government agencies and local communities are showing results. Recent surveys suggest the number of dolphins here is gradually rising, offering hope for the species’ survival.

The best time to visit Vikramshila is between October and March, when the water levels are lower, visibility improves, and boat rides offer excellent chances of spotting dolphins. For nature enthusiasts, the sanctuary is not only a rare glimpse into the life of India’s national aquatic animal but also a reminder of the urgent need to preserve freshwater ecosystems.

By protecting Vikramshila, India safeguards more than just dolphins—it preserves an entire riverine ecosystem and the cultural heritage tied to the Ganga. A visit here is both a thrilling wildlife experience and a powerful lesson in conservation.