Indian Railways to use AI-based intrusion detection system with real-time alerts to prevent elephant collisions on tracks

Indian Railways

Indian Railways has expanded its use of an AI-based Intrusion Detection System (IDS) to reduce elephant–train collisions, deploying the technology across 141 route kilometres on the Northeast Frontier Railway. According to PIB's report, the system monitors movement near railway tracks and generates real-time alerts for loco pilots and station control rooms, enabling timely action to prevent accidents involving elephants crossing rail lines.

How the system works

The IDS uses optical fibre sensing technology combined with AI algorithms to detect vibrations and movement patterns around railway tracks. When an animal, including elephants, is detected, the system instantly sends alerts to railway personnel. These alerts help loco pilots slow down or stop trains when elephants are observed near or on the tracks. The system also aids control rooms in coordinating preventive actions across adjoining sections.

Railways has awarded tenders for extending this technology to an additional 981 route kilometres across the national network. The wider rollout aims to create an AI-enabled safety layer in vulnerable wildlife zones, especially in regions where elephant movement is frequent. The move is part of a larger push for predictive and technology-enabled safety solutions within the organisation.

Why this matters

Elephant–train collisions have been a long-standing concern in certain railway corridors. The IDS offers a proactive approach by identifying elephant presence before they reach the tracks, reducing dependence on manual patrolling or visual spotting. The system also supports railway staff with structured, actionable data to coordinate responses across stations and field units.

More on technological upgrades

The AI-based IDS is one of several technology-driven initiatives undertaken by Indian Railways for safety and asset protection. It complements ongoing work in predictive maintenance, advanced signalling, and AI-aided monitoring systems. Authorities believe that integrating such technologies will help improve trackside safety for both wildlife and train operations, while also strengthening the Railways’ broader digital infrastructure.