Scientists traced how 'Maya' they predicted eclipses for centuries

Scientists traced how maya they predicted eclipses for centuries (Image: wikimedia commons)

Scientists have decoded how the Maya predicted solar eclipses precisely. The discovery comes from analysis of the Dresden Codex manuscript. It reveals that the Maya used a sophisticated lunar calendar system. Their astronomical knowledge allowed them to track celestial events for centuries.

What the Maya Achieved?

The Codex contains a table spanning 405 lunar months in total. This corresponds to nearly 11,960 days of continuous observation and recording. Researchers discovered the table could accurately forecast solar eclipses in territory. Instead of repeating the table, they used smart resets for accuracy.

Who Carried Out the Research?

The researchers behind the study are John Justeson (University at Albany, USA) and Justin Lowry (State University of New York at Plattsburgh, USA). They combined expertise in ancient texts, mathematics and celestial mechanics.

The research was conducted by analysing the ancient manuscript known as the Dresden Codex. The study demonstrates that the Maya had exceptional long-term predictive ability. Their methods predated modern eclipse calculation by centuries without telescopes.

When and Where It Happened?

The Maya predictions spanned from around AD 350 to AD 1150. They focused on eclipses visible in Mesoamerican regions of influence. The Codex was likely compiled and used by elite scribes repeatedly. Its survival allows modern researchers to decode ancient astronomical knowledge.

The discovery overturns previous assumptions about Maya eclipse table's function. It shows a self-correcting system using resets at month 223 and 358. This method preserved accuracy over hundreds of years without modern instruments. It highlights the Maya’s advanced integration of astronomy, math and ritual.

How They Made It Work? 

The Maya observed the Moon and sun cycles carefully over decades. They started new tables periodically to correct small and accumulated errors. This system allowed consistent eclipse predictions within their geographical region. Modern analysis confirms that their method achieved remarkable long-term precision.

Implications for Future Science

The study opens doors for decoding other ancient astronomical records. Researchers can apply these methods to Mayan and Mesoamerican codices. It may reveal more precise calendar systems or predictive astronomical knowledge. Future research could uncover insights into ancient mathematics and observational techniques.