Stomach cancer is hard to catch early, but lifestyle changes can make a big difference

Causes of stomach cancer: Not eating enough fruits and vegetables can significantly increase your risk of stomach cancer. Aim to include at least 400 gm of fresh produce daily (Image: Canva)

Stomach cancer is caused by harmful cells that grow in the lining of the stomach. This organ, which stores and digests food, can stretch significantly, allowing cancer to grow unnoticed for a long time. As a result, it is often difficult to detect early, and its aggressive nature enables it to spread quickly. Early symptoms, which are frequently overlooked, include constant stomach pain or discomfort, feeling full even after eating small amounts, and unexplained weight loss.

Other common symptoms of stomach cancer are a lack of interest in food, persistent nausea or vomiting, and anemia-related symptoms like tiredness or pale skin. Since these symptoms are often vague, it is essential to seek medical attention if they persist.

Stomach cancer is often detected too late, largely due to unhealthy lifestyle habits and delayed diagnosis, warns Dr Arun Kumar Goel, Director of Surgical Oncology, Andromeda Cancer Hospital. “Stomach cancer is dangerous because it often shows symptoms only when it’s advanced. However, making healthy lifestyle choices and catching it early can save lives," he says.

Also read | Digestive cancer: Causes, symptoms and preventive measures suggested by expert

Dr Goel lists the following factors that increase the risk of stomach cancer and suggests strategies to prevent the disease:

• Poor diet: Not eating enough fruits and vegetables can significantly increase your risk. Aim to include at least 400 gm of fresh produce daily.

• Excess salt consumption: Foods like pickles, processed meats, and packaged snacks are high in salt, which can harm your stomach lining and increase cancer risk.

• Red and processed meats: Limit your intake to less than 70 gm per day to reduce your risk.

• Smoked foods: Foods prepared using smoke release harmful chemicals that can lead to stomach and other cancers.

• Alcohol and tobacco: Smoking triples the risk of stomach cancer, and heavy drinking damages the stomach lining, further increasing the likelihood of cancer.

• Other contributing factors: Untreated stomach infections, chronic stomach inflammation, and vitamin B-12 deficiency can also raise the risk.

Factors beyond your control:

• Age: People over 75 have a significantly higher chance of developing stomach cancer.
• Gender: Men are twice as likely as women to develop this condition.
• Family history: A family history of stomach cancer or certain genetic conditions, like Li-Fraumeni syndrome, increases your vulnerability.

To reduce the risk of stomach cancer, prioritise a diet rich in fresh fruits and vegetables, avoid smoking, and limit alcohol consumption. If you experience persistent stomach issues or discomfort, consult a doctor without delay. Regular health check-ups are crucial, particularly if you have a family history of stomach cancer. Being vigilant about early warning signs and taking prompt action can significantly improve outcomes.

Disclaimer: This article, including health and fitness advice, only provides generic information. Don’t treat it as a substitute for qualified medical opinion. Always consult a specialist for specific health diagnosis.