5 early signs of colon cancer that can go unnoticed

Changes in bowel habits, rectal bleeding, unexplained weight loss, fatigue, and ongoing abdominal discomfort are early red flags for colon cancer—act fast, don’t dismiss. (Images: Pexels)

One of the main causes of cancer-related deaths worldwide is colorectal cancer, another name for colon cancer. According to WHO estimates, there were almost 930,000 deaths and more than 1.9 million new cases in 2020. By 2040, these figures are predicted to rise alarmingly to 3.2 million new cases and 1.6 million deaths per year. Early detection is crucial, but many warning signs are subtle and frequently dismissed as minor digestive issues.

Here are five common but often ignored symptoms that may signal early-stage colon cancer:

1. Persistent Changes in Bowel Habits
Consistent diarrhoea, constipation, or altered stool shape—particularly narrowing (ribbon-like stool)—can be early signs of colon cancer. This symptom often shifts from being temporary to persistent when caused by a growing tumour.

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2. Blood in the Stool
Noticing bright red blood or darker, tarry stools should never be dismissed. While haemorrhoids are a common cause, rectal bleeding is a warning that warrants immediate medical attention and possible colonoscopy.

3. Persistent Changes in Bowel Habits
Early indicators of colon cancer may include constipation, frequent diarrhoea, or altered stool shape, especially narrowing (ribbon-like stool). When a growing tumour is the cause, this symptom frequently changes from being transient to persistent.

4. Unusual Loss of Weight
It is a warning sign if you lose 10 pounds or more without making any dietary or exercise changes. Malnutrition, tumours using up the body's energy, or changes in digestion can all cause weight loss.

5. Persistent Fatigue
Even after getting enough sleep, persistent fatigue may be a sign of colon cancer. Iron deficiency anaemia brought on by slow internal bleeding can wear you out.

Who Is at Risk and Why Early Detection Matters

Younger people are increasingly being affected by colon cancer. Many people ignore early symptoms or receive the wrong diagnosis, which delays treatment and results in worse outcomes. Experts advise younger adults to exercise greater caution, especially if they have a family history of poor diet, sedentary lifestyles, or other health issues.

A recent JAMA Network Open review underlined that abdominal pain and blood in stool (hematochezia) appear in nearly half of early-onset cases. On average, diagnosis is delayed by 4–6 months, due to patient's hesitation and medical misinterpretation.

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Take Action: Don't Ignore the Signs

• Consult a physician promptly if you notice any of these symptoms.
• Ask about screening options, even if you’re under the usual age threshold (45–50 years), especially if symptoms persist or you have risk factors.
• Practice healthy lifestyle habits. Stay active, eat fibre-rich foods, avoid smoking, and limit alcohol to help lower your risk Disclaimer: This article, including health and fitness advice, only provides generic information. Don’t treat it as a substitute for qualified medical opinion. Always consult a specialist for specific health diagnosis.