Archaeologists uncover tomb of first known Maya ruler at Belize’s Caracol

The tomb was discovered deep inside Caana, or the "Sky Place", Caracol's tallest and most iconic structure

Archaeologists in Belize have uncovered the tomb of Te K’ab Chaak, the first known ruler of Caracol, one of the most influential Maya cities. The find is being hailed as one of the most important in decades, offering rare insight into the early dynastic history of the ancient Maya civilization.

The tomb, dating back to around 350 AD, was uncovered by archaeologists Dr. Arlen and Dr. Diane Chase from the University of Houston, who have led excavations at Caracol for over four decades in partnership with Belize’s Institute of Archaeology.

Found Beneath a Maya Monument

The tomb was discovered deep inside Caana, or the "Sky Place", Caracol's tallest and most iconic structure. At a height of 141 feet, Caana remains one of the most imposing manmade constructions of the ancient world and stands as a testament to the city’s former grandeur.

“This is one of our most important finds,” said Dr. Diane Chase. “We found the first person in the dynasty. That, in itself, in terms of the history of Caracol, is huge.”

While previous excavations had revealed tombs of elite individuals, this is the first tomb to match hieroglyphic records confirming the ruler.

Inside the Royal Tomb: Jade Masks, Pottery, and Maya Gods

Archaeologists found a wealth of ceremonial treasures, including jade mosaic death masks, intricately carved jade beads, ornate jewellery, and decorated clay pots. One particularly vivid vessel features Ek Chuah, the Maya god of trade, surrounded by ritual offerings. Other artifacts depict scenes of bound prisoners and a king receiving tributes, suggesting the tomb’s significant ritual and political symbolism.

One mosaic death mask is believed to portray Te K’ab Chaak himself. Analysis of his remains indicates he was elderly at the time of death, standing approximately 5 feet 7 inches tall and having lost all his teeth, likely due to age.

The Mayan Legacy

Founded around 900 BC, Caracol grew into a powerful political and military centre by AD 600–800, rivalling other great Maya cities such as Tikal and Calakmul. At its peak, the city spanned more than 75 square miles, making it the largest known Maya archaeological site in Belize.