High blood pressure in children: Causes, symptoms, what to do as a parent
Symptoms of high blood pressure in kids: High blood pressure is not only an adult problem. Children, too, could have it. Identifying the symptoms early enables parents to take action. With lifestyle changes, support and medical care, children can grow up healthier and avoid long-term heart risks of high blood pressure.
High blood pressure: Not just an adult problem Most of us think that high blood pressure is an adults-only problem, something you have to deal with in your 40s and 50s. However, the fact is that hypertension could be a problem even children below 18 could face (Images: Pexels)
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Watch out for the signs Even though childhood is considered to be a period with unlimited energy and immunity, unhealthy eating habits, a lack of physical activity, being overweight and obese, and even genetic factors may render them vulnerable.
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Causes of high blood pressure in children The problem is that high blood pressure can progress quietly in children. Unlike a fever or cough, it doesn’t always come with easily identifiable symptoms. Since it is usually hidden, the child's health is compromised without parents realising the enormity of the problem. If left unchecked, high blood pressure in children can increase the risk of heart disease, kidney trouble and stroke in adulthood.
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Early intervention is the key “Early intervention is everything,” says Dr Kavita Raghavan, Pediatric Cardiologist, Sunrise Children’s Hospital, Bengaluru. Parents, the expert suggests, have a critical role in identifying symptoms as well as promoting healthy habits and seeking timely medical guidance. The thought of a child having high blood pressure may be scary, but it can usually be managed when your child makes lifestyle changes, eats the right foods, and is actively monitored, to allow them to enjoy their childhood and keep playing.
Subtle symptoms of high blood pressure High blood pressure in children can cause headaches, nosebleeds, dizziness or vision problems. They may at times experience irritability, fatigue or problems paying attention in school. They can be subtle, but such signs should not go unnoticed. What parents should do: Make sure your child has regular checkups and see the pediatrician as soon as possible if your child has recurring symptoms.
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Improve diet and lifestyle habits Obesity and unhealthy diet are major contributors for the development of hypertension in children. Diets high in processed food, sugar and salt also put additional strain on the heart and blood vessels. What parents should do: Instead, promote healthy, balanced meals full of fresh fruits, vegetables, lean proteins and whole grains – and cut back on junk food and sugary beverages.
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Benefits of physical activity Sedentary lifestyles — long hours of screen time combined with no outdoor activity — are two of the biggest causes of high blood pressure in children. What parents should do: Encourage children to get at least 60 minutes of moderate to vigorous play, sports or exercise each day. Cycling or walking around with the family can make it fun.
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Stress and emotional distress Even kids can stress over school, social pressures or family issues, and stress raises blood pressure. What parents should do: Foster a supportive environment, encourage open communications and instruct children in relaxation techniques including deep breathing and mindfulness.
Importance of regular check-ups Hypertension can sometimes be associated with health problems such as kidney or heart problems. Routine visits can help identify problems early on. What parents should do: Follow your doctor’s advice, check at home if it’s indicated and stay on top of visits.
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Never ignore the symptoms High blood pressure in children is not something to be dismissed. With strong parenting, good lifestyle habits in the home, and access to appropriate medical care, kids have the potential to grow strong and resilient. Keep in mind: prevention and intervention now can help keep your child’s heart healthy long into the future (Disclaimer: This article, including health and fitness advice, only provides generic information. Don’t treat it as a substitute for qualified medical opinion. Always consult a specialist for specific health diagnosis)
Nivedita is a Delhi-based journalist who writes on health, fashion, lifestyle and entertainment. Views expressed are personal.
