Chronic Venous Insufficiency explained: Trump’s condition, symptoms, treatment, and what it means for his role

What is chronic venous insufficiency?

US President Donald Trump has been diagnosed with chronic venous insufficiency (CVI), the condition was identified after he reported mild swelling in his lower legs.

White House Press Secretary Karoline Leavitt informed reporters of the diagnosis on Thursday, describing it as a "benign and common" condition, especially among those over the age of 70.

The 79-year-old president recently noticed the swelling and underwent diagnostic testing, including a vascular study and a leg ultrasound, which confirmed the condition.

Chronic Venous Insufficiency (CVI)

Chronic venous insufficiency (CVI) is a condition in which leg veins struggle to efficiently return blood to the heart, leading to blood pooling in the lower limbs. This occurs when the small one-way valves inside the veins become weakened or damaged, allowing blood to flow backward - a process known as venous reflux.

CVI affects an estimated 10% to 35% of adults in the United States, with the likelihood increasing significantly after age 50. Contributing factors include aging, obesity, a history of blood clots, prolonged standing, pregnancy, and smoking.

President Donald Trump, 79, received the diagnosis after experiencing swelling in his ankles. Medical tests confirmed the condition but ruled out more serious concerns such as blood clots or heart-related problems.

Typical symptoms include swelling, discomfort, and varicose veins. In more advanced cases, slow-healing sores known as venous ulcers may develop.

Is President Trump fit to work?

The CVI is  not a debilitating condition, and President Trump should be able to carry on his duties normally, albeit with some discomfort, according to the Cleveland Clinic.

While the vein damage caused by chronic venous insufficiency is not reversible, the condition can be effectively managed with treatment, allowing patients to maintain a good quality of life.

“Importantly, there was no evidence of deep vein thrombosis (DVT) or arterial disease” and Trump’s lab testing was all “within normal limits,” according to the White House.

In President Trump's case, the diagnosis appears to be under control. Press Secretary Karoline Leavitt told reporters that test results indicated the condition was "within normal limits," and an echocardiogram confirmed that the President has "normal cardiac structure and function."

What is the treatment? 

Doctors typically begin treating chronic venous insufficiency with non-invasive methods. These often include wearing compression stockings, which apply gentle pressure to the legs to promote upward blood flow, and elevating the legs for at least 30 minutes, three times a day.

Lifestyle changes such as weight loss and resistance exercises may also be recommended to improve circulation. If conservative approaches are not effective, more advanced treatments may be considered.

One common option is sclerotherapy, a procedure in which a chemical solution is injected into the affected veins, causing them to collapse and eventually be absorbed by the body.

Heat-based therapies, including laser treatment, can also be used to seal faulty veins, allowing blood to flow through healthier pathways. White House Press Secretary Karoline Leavitt also addressed concerns about bruising on President Trump’s hand. Citing a note from the President’s physician, Capt.

Sean Barbabella, she said the marks were likely due to frequent handshaking and the blood-thinning effects of aspirin, which the President takes as part of his cardiovascular care.