Skincare tips: Over exfoliation, artificial fragrances, charcoal masks do more harm than good

Have you ever bought a skincare product that promised glowing, flawless skin, only to find it caused irritation, breakouts, or made things worse? With so many options on the market and countless recommendations floating around, it’s easy to get swept up in the hype of skincare trends and miracle solutions. But not every product is as good for your skin as it claims to be. In fact, some can do more harm than good, especially if they’re not suited to your skin type or are used incorrectly.

Here’s a closer look at some skincare products that may do more harm than good and what you can use instead.

• Physical exfoliants with harsh scrubbing particles

Exfoliation is essential for healthy skin, but exfoliants with coarse particles like walnut or apricot shells are too harsh on your skin. These products can create micro-tears in the skin, which may result in irritation, redness, and increased sensitivity with continued use.

A better alternative is using gentle chemical exfoliants with AHAs, such as glycolic acid or BHAs, such as salicylic acid. These exfoliants efficiently remove dead skin cells without causing any physical damage to the skin. Research published in the Journal of Clinical and Aesthetic Dermatology explains how over-exfoliation with physical scrubs makes the skin barrier weak and induces inflammation.

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• Alcohol-based toners

Harsh toners that contain alcohol can strip away the skin's natural oils, drying it out and causing your skin to produce excess oil, which might worsen acne. It often compromises the skin's barrier and increases sensitivity and irritation.

A safer option would be alcohol-free toners with hydrating properties like glycerine or hyaluronic acid. As cited from Dermatologic Therapy, products with alcohol dry and even permanently damage sensitive skins due to its dry effect.

• Artificial fragrances

Although artificial fragrances can have a pleasing smell, they are the main offender causing your skin irritation, inflammation and allergic reactions. Contact Dermatitis highlights that synthetic fragrances are a leading cause of allergic reactions to skincare.

Use fragrance-free products or products that have a natural smell from essential oils.

• Overuse of clay masks

Clay masks can work wonders for absorbing excess oil, but overusing them can leave your skin overly dry and irritated. When the skin is stripped of its natural moisture, it can lead to flakiness and even trigger more oil production as a response.

Use clay masks sparingly—no more than 1–2 times a week—and always follow up with a hydrating moisturizer. Dermatologists in The International Journal of Women’s Dermatology warn against frequent use of drying masks, emphasizing the importance of maintaining a balanced skin barrier.

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• Essential oils applied directly to the skin

Essential oils like tea tree, lavender, or citrus oils are often touted as natural remedies, but applying them directly to the skin can cause irritation, allergic reactions, or photosensitivity. These issues are especially common with undiluted oils.

Dilute essential oils with carrier oils like jojoba or almond oil and perform a patch test before use. Research published in Clinical and Experimental Dermatology advises caution, noting that undiluted essential oils can lead to contact dermatitis.

• Charcoal peel-off masks

Peel-off masks may offer instant gratification, but they often adhere too strongly to the skin, removing natural oils, healthy skin cells, and even fine hair in the process. This can cause redness, irritation, and long-term damage to the skin’s protective barrier.

Instead, choose gentle rinse-off masks or hydrating sheet masks to cleanse and nourish your skin without the harshness. Dermatologists in Dermatologic Surgery emphasise that harsh peel-off masks can compromise skin integrity and should be avoided.

• Over-the-counter skin-lightening creams with hydroquinone

While hydroquinone is effective for treating hyperpigmentation, prolonged use of unregulated, over-the-counter creams can lead to ochronosis, a bluish-black discoloration of the skin. The Journal of the American Academy of Dermatology highlights the risks associated with unregulated hydroquinone use. Additionally, it can make your skin more prone to irritation and sun damage.

Consult a dermatologist for safe skin-lightening treatments and opt for products with natural brightening agents like vitamin C or niacinamide.

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• Thick petroleum-based moisturizers on acne-prone skin

Petroleum-based moisturizers can create a heavy, occlusive layer on the skin, which may clog pores and trigger breakouts in acne-prone skin. While they are effective for extreme dryness, they’re not ideal for oily or combination skin types. The American Academy of Dermatology (AAD) recommends avoiding heavy products that can block pores and exacerbate acne.

Use lightweight, non-comedogenic moisturizers containing ingredients like hyaluronic acid or ceramides.

• Sunscreen sprays with insufficient application

Spray sunscreens may seem convenient, but they often lead to uneven coverage, leaving parts of the skin unprotected from harmful UV rays. Additionally, inhaling the particles can pose health risks.

Switch to cream-based sunscreens with broad-spectrum SPF and ensure even application. Reapply every 2–3 hours for maximum protection. The Skin Cancer Foundation advises against relying solely on spray sunscreens for effective sun protection.

• Expired or improperly stored skincare products

Expired skincare products lose their efficacy and can harbour bacteria or harmful microorganisms. Clinical Microbiology Reviews warns that expired or improperly stored cosmetics can become breeding grounds for bacteria. Using them can lead to skin infections, irritation, or allergic reactions. Always check expiration dates and store products in a cool, dry place away from direct sunlight.