H3N2 flu cases surge in Delhi-NCR: Why children and older adults face the highest risk

The H3N2 flu is spreading fast in Delhi and nearby regions. Here’s a guide to understanding symptoms, risks for children and the elderly, and the best preventive steps. (Image: Pexels)

Hospitals in Delhi and neighbouring areas like Gurugram, Noida, Faridabad, and Ghaziabad are reporting a sharp increase in H3N2 flu cases. This strain of Influenza A tends to be more severe than the common cold, lasting longer and often causing complications in vulnerable groups. Health experts are urging people to recognise symptoms early, take precautions, and seek timely care.

Seasonal influenza has been with humans for centuries, but some strains are worse than others. The sub-type H3N2 of Influenza A is one of these and has become popular now as it was known to initiate more frequent outbreaks with convoluted cases. The virus is extremely contagious and spreads through droplets from sneezes, coughs or even while talking by someone who has the disease. It can linger for hours on surfaces, making it relatively easy to contract, particularly in places with poor sanitation — and lots of other people.

Though most people should recover from H3N2 with rest and supportive care, the virus can be serious for those in vulnerable populations. Both children, whose immune systems are still developing, and older adults — who may have weaker immunity or underlying complications of their own — are especially vulnerable to complications.

Also Read: H3N2 Flu in Delhi-NCR: Symptoms, prevention and recovery tips from doctors

“Knowing the behaviour of the virus, recognising early symptoms is important,” Dr Neha Arora, Senior Consultant -Infectious Diseases at Sunrise Multispeciality Hospital, Gwalior, tells Moneycontrol. However, preventive actions such as vaccination, hygiene, and prompt medical care can minimize the chance of infection.

What Is H3N2 Virus?

Arora says that H3N2 is a variety of Influenza A virus. It changes its genetic material often, making it able to escape immunity established by previous infections or vaccines. That’s why flu vaccines are refreshed each year to match circulating strains.

How Does H3N2 Spread?

It is transmitted through respiratory droplets and through contact with infected surfaces. Density — close contact that people have with one another in densely settled areas of the world — makes such viruses easier to catch. Inadequate winter ventilation and festive gatherings also help it spread.

Symptoms to Watch Out For

Symptoms of this can include fever, cough, sore throat, congestion or runny nose, fatigue and body aches. People with severe symptoms might have wheezing or chest pain due to complications such as pneumonia or bronchitis.

Why Children Are at Risk

The immune systems of children have not fully developed, which makes them less able to fight off infections, Arora tells Moneycontrol. They are also more exposed in schools and playgrounds, so they have a higher incidence of H3N2. Severe fever and dehydration can develop rapidly, necessitating immediate medical treatment.

Why Elderly People Are Vulnerable

Older people tend to have weakened immunity and underlying conditions that make them more vulnerable anyway, such as diabetes, asthma or heart disease. These are the root causes that leave them ill equipped to fend off infections, including exposure to H3N2 that could put them in the hospital or even worse.

Also Read: H3N2 virus: Signs, symptoms and diet to tackle the flu

Preventive Measures

Repeated yearly flu vaccination is recommended for children, elderly and high-risk individuals. And good hygiene behaviours, like frequent handwashing, wearing masks and avoiding crowded spaces are also key. Early consultation makes a difference to prevent complications.

FAQs on H3N2 Outbreak

What Is H3N2 Virus?
Arora says that H3N2 is a variety of Influenza A virus. It changes its genetic material often, making it able to escape immunity established by previous infections or vaccines. That's why flu vaccines are refreshed each year to match circulating strains.

How Does H3N2 Spread?
It is transmitted through respiratory droplets and through contact with infected surfaces. Density — close contact that people have with one another in densely settled areas of the world — makes such viruses easier to catch. Inadequate winter ventilation and festive gatherings also help it spread.

What are Symptoms to Watch Out For?
Symptoms can include fever, cough, sore throat, congestion or runny nose, fatigue, and body aches. People with severe symptoms might have wheezing or chest pain due to complications such as pneumonia or bronchitis.

Why Are Children at Risk?
The immune systems of children have not fully developed, which makes them less able to fight off infections, Arora tells Moneycontrol. They are also more exposed in schools and playgrounds, so they have a higher incidence of H3N2. Severe fever and dehydration can develop rapidly, necessitating immediate medical treatment.

Why Are Elderly People Vulnerable?
Older people tend to have weakened immunity and underlying conditions that make them more vulnerable, such as diabetes, asthma, or heart disease. These are the root causes that leave them ill-equipped to fend off infections, including exposure to H3N2 that could put them in the hospital or worse.

Disclaimer: This article, including health and fitness advice, only provides generic information. Don’t treat it as a substitute for qualified medical opinion. Always consult a specialist for specific health diagnosis.