By the decade's end, mining on the moon seems likely. Nations and private firms are racing to extract lunar resources. As space becomes accessible, debates around its commercialisation have intensified. The moon's future could reshape humanity's presence in space.
Why explore lunar mining?
NASA’s Artemis programme aims for more than moon exploration. Its focus includes paving the way for lunar mining. China, too, is advancing similar ambitious plans. This has sparked a global race among nations and corporations.
Lunar mining offers solutions to costly Earth-based space supplies. Transporting one litre of water to the moon costs a fortune. Extracting water ice on the moon could cut these costs. Hydrogen and oxygen from the ice may refuel spacecraft.
The moon also holds rare Earth metals vital for technologies. These resources could ease the strain on Earth’s reserves. Private companies may even mine before space agencies do.
Will mining change the moon's appearance?
Lunar mining could alter the moon’s visible surface. Dust disturbed during extraction travels without atmospheric resistance. Dust resettling might make some patches appear brighter. Other areas might darken due to fresh layers of dust.
Sustainable practices must address managing and minimising lunar dust. Small-scale mining alone could visibly impact the moon’s surface.
Does anyone own the moon?
International laws address ownership of celestial bodies, including the moon. The 1967 Outer Space Treaty denies nations ownership. The 1979 Moon Treaty labels lunar resources as shared heritage.
The Artemis Accords (2020) support mining without territorial claims. Yet debates continue over resource sharing and legal ambiguities. Wealthier nations risk monopolising lunar benefits, sparking global concerns.
Read Also: ISRO prepares for 100th rocket launch: Chandrayaan-4 and Gaganyaan set to steal spotlight in 2025
Challenges for miners on the moon
Lunar mining poses risks for workers’ safety and health. Low gravity can cause bone loss, heart strain, and weakened immunity. Constant exposure to radiation raises cancer and fertility concerns.
Psychological stress and isolation could worsen working conditions. Weak regulations might lead to exploitation of lunar miners. Experts warn of potential "space tyranny" by powerful individuals.
The moon offers resources crucial for Earth and beyond. However, history shows the dangers of unchecked exploitation. Clear regulations must prioritise fairness, safety, and shared benefits. Before mining the moon, humanity must plan responsibly.
(Inputs from Agencies)
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